Inverted Tapered Filter for Trace Liquid Ultrafiltration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pretreatment devices for trace liquid samples face challenges such as inefficient mixing, significant sample losses, and limited compatibility with automated analysis equipment, leading to deviations in analysis results.
Innovation Solution
A filter, adapter, and microvolume ultrafiltration bottle system is designed for the pretreatment of trace liquid samples, featuring an inverted tapered inner cavity structure, outside-in filtration method, and sealing ribs to facilitate efficient filtration and extraction without the need for external pressure or large centrifuges.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If centrifugation is used for solid-liquid separation, then separation effectiveness is improved, but device volume and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the centrifugation function from the overall system by using a filter cartridge that performs solid-liquid separation through filtration rather than centrifugal force. The filter cartridge is a standalone component that can be inserted into the reaction vessel, eliminating the need for a centrifuge entirely.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical centrifugation system with a filtration system based on pore structure. Instead of using rotational mechanical force to separate particles, the system uses a filter cartridge with controlled pore sizes to physically block solids while allowing liquids to pass through.
2Productivity
If existing pretreatment devices are used, then sample processing is achieved, but sample losses and heterogeneity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the sample processing into distinct functional zones within the reaction vessel: a filter cartridge for solid-liquid separation, a mixing region for homogeneous mixing, and a sampling port for direct access. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function efficiently without causing sample losses.
Solution Approach 2:
The filter cartridge is designed to be self-contained with integrated flow channels and mixing structures. The system performs mixing and filtration automatically as the sample is introduced, without requiring external intervention or complex operational steps that could lead to sample losses.
3Productivity
If external pressure is applied for filtration, then filtration efficiency is improved, but device complexity and operation difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The filter cartridge is designed to perform filtration passively using the natural flow of the sample through the porous structure. The sample flows through the filter cartridge due to gravity or pressure differential created by the reaction vessel itself, without requiring external pressure application or complex operational mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The filter cartridge utilizes porous material with controlled pore sizes to achieve efficient filtration. The porous structure allows the sample to be filtered as it passes through, eliminating the need for external pressure systems while maintaining high filtration efficiency.
4Productivity
If trace liquid samples are processed with existing devices, then sample treatment is achieved, but mixing effectiveness and sample volume are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The reaction vessel is segmented into a filtration section with filter cartridge and a sampling section with direct access port. This segmentation allows the entire sample volume to be processed through filtration while maintaining the ability to access and retain the complete filtered sample for analysis, preventing volume loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The filter cartridge acts as an intermediary component that processes the trace liquid sample without requiring transfer to other vessels. The sample flows through the filter cartridge and collects directly in the reaction vessel, eliminating transfer losses and maintaining sample volume.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables effective filtration and extraction of trace liquid samples, improving the efficiency of sample pretreatment, reducing auxiliary equipment needs, and lowering treatment costs while maintaining compatibility with automated analysis equipment.
Implementation Method 1
a filter disc (4) is arranged in the filter disc connection part (2-2), and filter cartridges are arranged in the upward extending grooves (2-21)... the filter cartridges are connected with the outer wall of the inverted tapered inner cavity structure
Implementation Method 2
The inner wall of the tubular structure gradually converges from top to bottom towards the centerline to form an inverted tapered inner cavity structure (2-9), with a tapered hole (2-3) at the bottom of the inverted tapered inner cavity structure (2-9)... a bottom flow guiding channel or bottom flow guiding zone (2-5) is arranged between the tapered hole (2-3) and the filter disc connection part (2-2)
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a filter, an adapter, and a microvolume ultrafiltration bottle. The filter comprises a tubular structure that penetrates vertically. The inner wall of the tubular structure gradually converges from top to bottom towards the centerline to form an inverted tapered inner cavity structure, with a tapered hole at the bottom of the inverted tapered inner cavity structure. A filter disc connection part is arranged at the lower end of the tubular structure, and a bottom flow guiding channel or bottom flow guiding zone is arranged between the tapered hole and the filter disc connection part. The inner wall of the lower end of the adapter is connected with the filter. The microvolume ultrafiltration bottle comprises a bottle body and the adapter arranged at the bottle mouth and extending downwards into the bottle body, with the filter connected with the bottom of the adapter.