Inverter Filter Capacitance Detection Without External Excitation

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Solution Overview

Problem

The capacitance of filter capacitors in inverters is affected by operating duration and environmental conditions, leading to unpredictable consequences and instability in inverter operation, necessitating effective monitoring and detection methods.

Innovation Solution

The method involves the inverter outputting specific voltages through its terminals, obtaining currents of connected inductors, and determining capacitance ratios to detect the capacitance of filter capacitors without the need for external excitation sources, allowing for internal detection and improved reliability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If external excitation sources are used to detect filter capacitor capacitance, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and detection cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecapacitance detection precisionVSAvoiddetection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The inverter uses its own output voltages and internal current sensors to detect filter capacitor capacitance, eliminating the need for external excitation sources. The control unit generates specific voltage patterns (such as zero vectors or specific PWM patterns) and measures the resulting currents to calculate capacitance values, enabling the system to self-diagnose without additional external equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The inverter's output terminals and current sensors, originally designed for normal operation, are dual-used for capacitance detection. The same power electronic components and measurement instruments serve both operational and diagnostic functions, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If filter capacitor capacitance is not monitored, then device complexity is reduced, but reliability deteriorates due to unpredictable operating consequences

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinverter operating reliabilityVSAvoidmonitoring system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit continuously monitors filter capacitor capacitance values and uses this feedback to assess the health status of the filter. By comparing measured capacitance against reference values or degradation thresholds, the system can detect aging, predict failures, and trigger maintenance alerts, thereby improving reliability through informed decision-making.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs capacitance detection during normal operation or scheduled intervals to identify degradation trends before they lead to failure. This preliminary monitoring allows for proactive maintenance planning and prevents unexpected operational disruptions caused by capacitor failure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If capacitance detection is performed during normal operation, then productivity is improved by avoiding shutdowns, but measurement precision may deteriorate due to operating conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinverter operational continuityVSAvoidcapacitance measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit performs capacitance detection at specific periods or intervals during normal operation, using periodic voltage patterns or dedicated measurement windows. This approach balances continuous monitoring needs with operational continuity, allowing accurate measurements to be taken without requiring system shutdowns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The detection method adapts to operating conditions by dynamically selecting appropriate voltage patterns, frequencies, or measurement strategies based on the current operational state. This dynamic approach maintains measurement precision across varying load conditions and environmental parameters while keeping the system running.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces detection costs and enhances the operating reliability of inverters by enabling internal capacitance monitoring, improving the stability and predictability of inverter performance.

Implementation Method 1

outputting, by the inverter, a first voltage U̇ 1i through an i thİ ik

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical circuit analysis:

Data Source

PatentEP3637115B1Method and apparatus for detecting capacitance value of filter capacitor in inverter
Publication Date: 2023.02.22 HUAWEI DIGITAL POWER TECH CO LTD
  • EP3637115B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3637115B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3637115B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A method and an apparatus for detecting capacitance of a filter capacitor of an inverter are provided, where each output terminal of the inverter is connected to one terminal of a first filter capacitor through an inductor, and the other terminals of all first filter capacitors are interconnected. The method includes: outputting, by the inverter, a first voltage U̇1i through an ith output terminal of the inverter, where a voltage output by an output terminal different from the ith output terminal is zero, i=1, 2...N, i≠j, 1≤j≤N, i and j are positive integers, and N is a total quantity of output terminals of the inverter; obtaining İik and determining a ratio of |İij| to |İik|, where İik is a current of an inductor connected to a kth output terminal when the ith output terminal outputs the first voltage U̇1i, k=1, 2...N, and k is a positive integer; and determining, based on İij, U̇1i, and the ratio of |İij| to |İik|, capacitance of a first filter capacitor connected to the jth output terminal.