Low Inductivity Inverter Circuit Connecting Rails

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing 3-point converter circuit arrangements face challenges in minimizing parasitic inductance, which leads to voltage peaks and inefficiencies, especially in high-voltage applications like wind turbines and railway drives, due to suboptimal design and placement of connecting rails.

Innovation Solution

The circuit arrangement features connecting rails that are guided parallel and next to each other, allowing opposite current conduction to minimize magnetic flux changes, with specific angled designs and configurations that ensure constant or reduced magnetic flux during switching states, thereby reducing parasitic inductances and voltage peaks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If conventional three-layer connecting rails are used to connect semiconductor switching elements, then the circuit structure is simple, but the distance between current-carrying layers is not minimal and parasitic inductance is high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit structureVSAvoidparasitic inductance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from a conventional three-layer planar connecting rail structure to a folded rail design where connecting rails extend in multiple dimensions. The rails are folded back to run parallel and adjacent to each other, creating a multi-dimensional path that minimizes distance between current-carrying conductors while maintaining structural simplicity. This dimensional change allows the connecting rails to achieve minimal separation distances without increasing overall circuit complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The connecting rails are designed with curved or folded geometries rather than straight linear paths. The rails are bent and folded to create parallel adjacent sections that run close together, allowing current to flow in opposite directions in nearby paths. This curvature and folding of the connecting rails enables minimal distance between current-carrying layers while maintaining electrical connectivity and mechanical strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If connecting rails are placed close together to reduce inductance, then parasitic inductance is minimized, but voltage peaks occur during switching due to magnetic flux changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparasitic inductanceVSAvoidvoltage peaks
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the potentially harmful magnetic flux changes during switching into a beneficial effect. By designing the connecting rails to run parallel and adjacent to each other with current flowing in opposite directions, the magnetic flux changes generated by one rail are compensated by the opposite flux change in the adjacent rail. This transforms what would normally be harmful inductive voltage peaks into a neutral or beneficial cancellation effect, reducing overall voltage stress on the semiconductor switching elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If flat connecting rails are used with minimal distance, then inductance is reduced, but the converter structure becomes less compact and harder to assemble in control cabinets

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveinductanceVSAvoidassembly in control cabinet
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The connecting rails are segmented into multiple sections with different geometries and orientations. Each segment serves a specific function: some sections run parallel and adjacent to minimize inductance, while other sections are folded or bent to accommodate spatial constraints and facilitate assembly. This segmentation allows the overall structure to be both electrically optimized for low inductance and mechanically optimized for compact installation in control cabinets.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Temperature

If semiconductor switching elements are mounted in a common plane on the heat sink, then heat dissipation is improved, but the connecting rail layout becomes more complex to achieve minimal inductance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat dissipationVSAvoidconnecting rail layout
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the mounting of semiconductor switching elements and circuit means onto a single common plane of the heat sink. This unified mounting approach simplifies the overall structure by eliminating the need for separate mounting planes or complex 3D arrangements. The connecting rails are then folded and routed on this common plane to achieve minimal distance between current-carrying conductors, maintaining low inductance while benefiting from improved heat dissipation through the unified thermal management structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design effectively suppresses parasitic inductances throughout the operation, including transient states, leading to a more compact, efficient, and cost-effective converter structure suitable for high-power applications.

Implementation Method 1

at least two connecting rails are guided parallel to one another and directly next to one another and while switching between two switching states, the current flow directions are the same, so that the flux change generated by the current change in one connecting rail can be at least partially compensated for by the current change in the other connecting rail

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic flux compensation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

the semiconductor switching elements and the switching means are mounted in a common plane on the cooling surface of the heat sink

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3180850B1Low inductivity circuit arrangement of an inverter
Publication Date: 2019.05.22 WOODWARD SEG GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3180850B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3180850B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3180850B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement of a phase arm of a 3-point inverter. The problem addressed by the invention is that of providing a circuit arrangement of a 3-point inverter which is optimized from the point of view of suppressing parasitic inductivity, simultaneously has a compact, simple structure, such that the inverter can be incorporated in a switch cabinet in a space-saving manner, and is easy to install. This problem is solved by a circuit arrangement having the features of patent claim 1.