Inverter Controller Surge Voltage Avoidance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power converters face challenges in managing surge voltages during simultaneous switching of multiple switches, leading to potential switch breakage, and current control precision is compromised by methods that either increase component cost or switch loss.

Innovation Solution

The inverter controller adjusts switch opening/closing timings based on PWM modulation ratio instructions to avoid simultaneous switching of switches in different phases, using a surge voltage superimposition avoiding unit that generates appropriate gate signals to prevent surge voltage superimposition, thereby maintaining output voltage stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If switches are changed over at the same time to improve productivity, then switching speed increases, but surge voltage is generated causing switch breakage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching speedVSAvoidswitch durability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control device determines switching timing in advance and adjusts the timing of at least one phase to avoid coincidence with other phases. By pre-calculating and preemptively adjusting switching schedules before the surge voltage issue occurs, the system maintains high switching speed while preventing switch breakage through proactive timing coordination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If capacitor is connected in parallel with switches to reduce surge voltage, then switch protection is improved, but device complexity and component cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitch protectionVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the passive hardware solution (capacitor connection) with an active control solution (timing adjustment algorithm). The control device uses computational logic to determine and adjust switching timings, substituting the need for additional protective components with intelligent timing coordination that prevents surge voltage generation at its source.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extracts and addresses the root cause of surge voltage (simultaneous switching coincidence) rather than treating the symptom with additional components. By removing the problematic simultaneous switching condition through timing adjustment, the system eliminates the need for surge voltage suppression capacitors and their associated complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Reliability

If switch operation speed is delayed to avoid surge voltage, then switch protection is improved, but current control precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitch protectionVSAvoidcurrent control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The control device dynamically adjusts switching timing parameters based on real-time operational conditions. Instead of uniformly delaying all switch operations, the system selectively modifies timing parameters for specific phases and switching events, maintaining current control precision by adapting timing adjustments to the actual electrical state and load conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2916443B1Inverter controller, power and converter, and car
Publication Date: 2019.03.27 KK TOSHIBA
  • EP2916443B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2916443B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2916443B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

According to one embodiment, an inverter controller includes a current controller (10) which calculates and output PWM modulation ratio instructions of a first phase and a second phase, such that an inverter outputs a predetermined current; a switching timing arithmetic unit (221) which calculates timings at which switches of the respective phases are opened and closed; a simultaneous switching avoiding unit (220) which determines whether a first switching timing for changing over the switch of the first phase and a second switching timing for changing over the switch of the second phase coincide or not, and to generate, upon determining that the first switching timing and the second switching timing coincide, triangular-wave carriers of the first phase and the second phase by making different waveforms of the triangular-wave carriers; and a switch opening/closing timing generator (224) which calculates a timing for opening/closing the switch.