Inverter DC/DC Module Dynamic Switching for PV String Mismatch
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Solution Overview
Problem
The instability of voltage output from photovoltaic battery panels due to factors like aging, shading, and mismatched string configurations leads to low power conversion efficiency and reduced power generation capacity in solar energy systems.
Innovation Solution
An inverter with a DC/DC module that adjusts its operation status based on the turning-on and turning-off of switches, controlled by a controller that monitors the output voltages of photovoltaic strings, to optimize energy input and reduce energy loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If photovoltaic battery panels are connected in series and parallel to form photovoltaic strings to meet inverter working voltage and power requirements, then voltage and power output are increased, but conversion efficiency of the inverter decreases due to voltage instability from aging, blocking, weak light, and short string configuration
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter input is divided into multiple independent photovoltaic string input terminals (first positive input terminal, first negative input terminal, second positive input terminal, second negative input terminal), allowing separate processing and optimization of each string's voltage and current characteristics. This segmentation enables individual DC-to-DC modules to handle specific strings, improving overall conversion efficiency by addressing each string's unique electrical characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic switching between different operational modes using controllable switches (first switch, second switch) and on/off control devices (first on/off control device, second on/off control device). The system can dynamically adjust the connection configuration between photovoltaic strings and the inverter based on real-time voltage and power conditions, optimizing conversion efficiency under varying environmental conditions such as aging, blocking, and weak light.
2Productivity
If photovoltaic battery panels are connected in series and parallel to form photovoltaic strings, then power generation capacity is increased, but energy loss increases due to mismatched voltage output and inverter optimal working mode
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs dynamic switching mechanisms with controllable switches and on/off control devices that adjust the operational configuration in real-time. When voltage mismatch occurs between photovoltaic strings and the inverter's optimal working mode, the system dynamically reconfigures the electrical connections to minimize energy loss while maintaining power generation capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes electrical parameters (voltage, current, connection topology) based on detected operating conditions. By monitoring the electrical state of photovoltaic strings and adjusting switching states, the system optimizes parameter matching between the photovoltaic input and inverter requirements, reducing energy loss due to mismatch while preserving power generation capacity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution improves the conversion efficiency of the inverter and enhances power generation capacity by dynamically adjusting the DC/DC module's operation to match the optimal operating conditions, thereby stabilizing the energy input and reducing losses.
Implementation Method 1
the inversion unit is configured to convert direct-current voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the busbar unit into alternating current
Data Source
AI summary
An inverter includes a direct-current conversion unit, a busbar unit, and an inversion unit. The direct-current conversion unit includes a first positive input terminal, a first negative input terminal, a second positive input terminal, a second negative input terminal, a first direct current DC-to-DC module, a second DC-to-DC module, a first on/off control device, a second on/off control device, a first switch, and a second switch. The first positive input terminal and the first negative input terminal are configured to connect a first photovoltaic string, the second positive input terminal and the second negative input terminal are configured to connect a second photovoltaic string, and a connection relationship of a circuit in the direct-current conversion unit can be changed based on combinations of turning-on or turning-off of the first switch and the second switch.