Decentralized Control for Inverter Network Disconnection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing circuit arrangements for inverters and uninterruptible power supplies face challenges in ensuring quick disconnection from the supply network in case of partial failures, particularly for photovoltaic systems above 30 kW, without affecting the network stability, and lack the ability for external control units to directly intervene in case of central control unit failures.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a decentralized control unit connected via a communication bus to the central control unit and an external control unit, allowing direct intervention and scalability by enabling control instructions to be received and acted upon, even if the central control unit fails, with separate energy supplies for central and decentralized units.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a central control unit is used to control the converter part and circuit parts, then the control structure is simple and easy to implement, but the system cannot quickly disconnect from the supply network in case of partial failures and lacks operational reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is segmented into a central control unit and multiple decentralized control units. Each decentralized control unit is assigned to specific circuit parts (input-side and output-side), enabling independent control and failure isolation. This segmentation allows the system to maintain operational reliability by disconnecting only affected segments while preserving the overall control architecture.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the central control unit handles all control tasks, then the control logic is centralized and simple, but external control units cannot directly intervene in case of central control unit failures
Solution Approach 1:
Decentralized control units serve as intermediaries between external control units and the central control unit. They receive control instructions from external sources via the communication bus and can execute them independently, enabling direct external intervention without requiring central control unit mediation. This intermediary layer enhances adaptability while maintaining a manageable architectural complexity.
3Reliability
If the system is designed for quick disconnection in case of failure, then safety requirements are met, but the disconnection may affect the stability of the supply network
Solution Approach 1:
The control system implements local quality by enabling decentralized control units to independently manage their respective circuit parts. When a failure is detected, only the affected local segment is disconnected from the supply network, while other segments continue operating normally. This localized response maintains safety requirements while preserving overall network stability.
4Adaptability or versatility
If decentralized control units are implemented for each circuit part, then the system is scalable and reliable, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Decentralized control units are designed with universal functionality to handle multiple tasks: monitoring local circuit parts, receiving control instructions from external units, communicating with the central control unit, and executing disconnection operations. This multi-functionality reduces the need for specialized components, making the system scalable while controlling overall complexity through standardized modular units.
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a circuit assembly (1, 1a) especially an inverter (1) or an uninterrupted power supply unit (1a), having a converter part (2) comprising a converter unit (20), a central control unit (21) and in input for the current to be converted and an output for the converted current and at least one circuit part (3, 4) which is connected upstream of the input of the converter part or which is connected downstream of the output of the converter part, at least one external control unit (12) being connectible to the circuit assembly and the central control unit (21) being suitable and designed for receiving control instructions from the external control unit (12). The aim of the invention is to devise a circuit assembly which can be disconnected from the power supply network rapidly and without repercussions on said network even in the event of a partial failure. For this purpose, every circuit part (3, 4) comprises at least one decentralized control unit (31, 41) which is connected to the central control unit (21) via a communication bus (13) and which is suitable and designed to receive control instructions from the central control unit (21). The external control unit (12) can be connected to the communication bus (13) and the decentralized control unit (31, 41) is suitable and designed to receive control instructions from the external control unit (12).