DC-AC Inverter Control for Capacitor Voltage Balancing During Idle

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Solution Overview

Problem

DC-AC inverter circuits face voltage unbalancing issues due to operational and environmental factors, leading to reliability concerns and the need for overrated components, which increase costs and weight in applications like aerospace.

Innovation Solution

A controller for the DC-AC inverter circuit that maintains capacitor voltage balance by keeping the inverter ON and redirecting power output even when the main electrical load is non-operational, using active balancing algorithms and redirecting power to electrical components like Field Orientated Controllers or resistive loads to prevent unbalancing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If the inverter is turned OFF when the main electrical load is non-operational, then energy consumption is reduced, but the capacitor voltages become unbalanced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidcapacitor voltage balance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The inverter is kept continuously ON even when the main electrical load is non-operational, ensuring uninterrupted active balancing of capacitor voltages. This continuous operation prevents voltage unbalancing that would otherwise occur during idle periods, while the controller manages energy consumption by redirecting excess power to auxiliary loads.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Solution Approach 2:

An auxiliary electrical load is introduced as an intermediary to absorb excess power from the inverter during idle periods. This intermediary load enables the inverter to remain operational and maintain capacitor voltage balance without causing harmful effects from uncontrolled power output, thus resolving the contradiction between continuous balancing and energy efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If components are overrated to protect against voltage unbalancing, then reliability is improved, but weight and manufacturing costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection against voltage unbalancingVSAvoidcomponent weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The controller proactively maintains capacitor voltage balance by keeping the inverter continuously ON and using active balancing algorithms before unbalancing occurs. This preliminary action prevents voltage deviations that would require oversized protective components, allowing the use of optimally sized components without compromising reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs continuous monitoring of capacitor voltages with feedback control that adjusts inverter operation to maintain voltage balance. This real-time feedback mechanism ensures reliable operation under normal conditions, eliminating the need for excessive safety margins and overrated components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Reliability

If the inverter remains ON to maintain capacitor voltage balance, then voltage unbalancing is prevented, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecapacitor voltage balanceVSAvoidinverter energy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The controller dynamically changes operational parameters by switching between different output configurations. When the main load is operational, power is delivered to the load; when idle, power is redirected to auxiliary loads. This parameter change allows the inverter to maintain balancing function while managing energy consumption through intelligent power distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4425771A1controller
Publication Date: 2024.09.04 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP4425771A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4425771A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4425771A1 patent drawing

AI summary

A controller for a DC-AC inverter circuit. The circuit comprises two terminals for receiving a DC-link voltage, two or more capacitors connected in series between the two terminals, wherein each capacitor has a capacitor voltage. The circuit is configured to convert an input electrical power to an output electrical power for operating a main electrical load. The controller is configured to, in response to the main electrical load becoming non-operational, configure the circuit into a balancing mode. In the balancing mode the controller configures the circuit to output electrical power to an electrical component, such that the DC-AC inverter circuit remains operational to balance the capacitor voltages while the main electrical load remains non-operational.