Transformer Shielding Layout for PCB EMI Isolation in Inverters
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing inverter devices face challenges in improving electromagnetic compatibility due to electromagnetic interference between printed circuit boards, particularly affecting the second circuit board that is less sensitive to such interference.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of a shielding unit around the through opening in the cover element that extends vertically to compress magnetic and electrical fields, redirecting them away from the second printed circuit board, which is more sensitive, and potentially surrounding the through opening completely or using a conductive surface layer on the second board to enhance shielding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a through opening is provided in the cover element for the transformer, then the transformer can be arranged on the first printed circuit board, but electromagnetic fields pass through the opening and interfere with the second printed circuit board
Solution Approach 1:
The cover element is segmented into a plate-like body and an integrated shielding unit (EMC chimney) that surrounds the through opening. This segmentation allows the cover element to simultaneously provide structural support for the transformer and electromagnetic shielding for the second printed circuit board, resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and electromagnetic interference protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The shielding unit acts as an intermediary structure between the transformer and the second printed circuit board. It redirects electromagnetic fields away from the sensitive second board while allowing the transformer to pass through the cover element, thus mediating between the conflicting requirements of component arrangement and electromagnetic compatibility.
2Reliability
If the shielding unit completely surrounds the through opening peripherally, then electromagnetic compatibility is significantly improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The shielding unit is merged with the plate-like body of the cover element as an integral component. This combining approach achieves complete peripheral shielding around the through opening for improved electromagnetic compatibility, while avoiding the complexity of separate shielding components and simplifying the overall device structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration significantly reduces electromagnetic interference, improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the inverter device by minimizing field strength in the sensitive region, thereby protecting the second circuit board.
Implementation Method 1
magnetic fields which pass through the through opening from the first printed circuit board are vertically compressed by the shielding unit which extends vertically
Implementation Method 2
electrical fields which, because of the shielding unit, are likewise less interconnected in the direction of the second printed circuit board. Lower values for the field strength can consequently be achieved
Data Source
AI summary
An inverter device (1), comprisinga first printed circuit board (2) on which a transformer (3) is arranged;a second printed circuit board (4) which is arranged parallel to the first printed circuit board (2) at a distance from the sides of the transformer (3); anda cover element (5) which is arranged between the printed circuit boards (2, 4) for the purpose of electromagnetic shielding and has a through opening (6) through which the transformer (3) passes;wherein the cover element (5) comprises a shielding unit (7) which surrounds the through opening (6) peripherally at least in some places and extends in the direction of the second printed circuit board (4).