Ionic Liquid Solvent Gas Purification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current gas purification methods using alkylolamine compounds and conventional ionic liquids face issues such as high energy consumption, solvent volatilization, high viscosity, and low transfer efficiency, making them inefficient for gases like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen chloride.
Innovation Solution
A novel ionic liquid solvent comprising alkylolamine functionalized ionic liquids, heterocyclic ionic liquids, alkylolamine organic solvents, activators, antioxidants, and water, which absorbs gases under specific pressures and temperatures, allowing for low-temperature absorption and heat regeneration, reducing energy consumption and enhancing reusability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional ionic liquids are used for gas purification, then absorption capability is improved, but viscosity increases and transfer efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite ionic liquid system combining multiple ionic liquid components with different functional groups (e.g., imidazolium, pyridinium, amino acid-based ionic liquids) to achieve both high absorption capability and acceptable viscosity. The composite structure allows synergistic effects where different components contribute to gas absorption while maintaining fluidity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies physical and chemical parameters of ionic liquids including anion selection (BF4-, PF6-, Tf2N-), cation structure, and additives to optimize the balance between absorption capability and viscosity. By changing these parameters, the system achieves low viscosity while maintaining high gas absorption capacity.
2Quantity of substance
If alkylolamine compounds are used as absorbents, then gas absorption is achieved, but energy consumption increases due to high desorption temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes phase transition characteristics of ionic liquids, particularly their liquid state stability across a wide temperature range, to enable low-temperature desorption. The ionic liquids can release absorbed gases at lower temperatures compared to conventional alkylolamine systems, reducing the energy required for the phase change and regeneration process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the absorbent system by replacing traditional alkylolamines with functionally-modified ionic liquids that have lower heat of absorption and easier desorption characteristics, directly reducing the energy input required for gas release and solvent regeneration.
3Quantity of substance
If traditional absorbents are used, then gas purification is achieved, but solvent loss due to volatilization occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs ionic liquids that create an inert, non-volatile environment for gas absorption and processing. The ionic liquid phase remains stable and non-volatile under operating conditions, preventing solvent loss while effectively purifying target gases through selective absorption mechanisms.
4Quantity of substance
If conventional purification processes are used, then gas separation is achieved, but operation costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The ionic liquid system exhibits self-regenerative properties where the solvent automatically releases absorbed gases under reduced pressure or temperature changes without requiring additional chemical agents or complex regeneration steps. This self-service capability reduces operational complexity and costs while maintaining effective gas separation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The novel solvent achieves greater absorption capacity, lower energy consumption, and lower operation costs, with improved desorption efficiency and stability, making it suitable for gases like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen chloride, while being environmentally friendly and cost-effective.
Implementation Method 1
the above ionic liquid solvent may absorb gas under a pressure of 0.1 MPa-10 MPa, at a temperature of 1°C.-98°C.
Implementation Method 2
desorb gas under a pressure of 0.1 MPa-5 MPa, at a temperature of 40°C.-300°C.
Data Source
AI summary
An ionic liquid solvent and gas purification method using the same are provided. The ionic liquid solvent consists of a main absorbent, a regulator for the main absorbent, an auxiliary absorbent, an activator, an antioxidant and water. The ionic liquid involves a low synthetic cost, low viscosity and high absorption capacity, and can be easily regenerated and recycled. The method, compared with traditional processes, has advantages such as a greater absorption capability and lower operation cost.