IOP Sensor Feedback Control for Phacoemulsification Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Maintaining stable intraocular pressure (IOP) during cataract removal surgeries, such as phacoemulsification, is challenging due to the combination of irrigation and aspiration processes, requiring effective monitoring and control systems to ensure pressure remains within a predetermined range.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that utilize a pressure sensor to measure and display IOP data, generating histograms and calculating scores to assess pressure stability, allowing for real-time monitoring and evaluation of IOP maintenance, with the option to control irrigation and aspiration systems based on sensor readings.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If irrigation and aspiration are combined to maintain IOP during cataract surgery, then the surgical procedure can be performed, but IOP stability becomes difficult to maintain
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a closed-loop feedback system where IOP measurements from sensors are continuously fed back to a control system that automatically adjusts irrigation and aspiration rates. This feedback mechanism allows the system to maintain IOP stability despite the conflicting effects of irrigation (increasing pressure) and aspiration (decreasing pressure), resolving the contradiction between enabling surgery and maintaining pressure stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-regulation by automatically adjusting the irrigation and aspiration rates based on real-time IOP measurements without requiring constant manual intervention. The control system monitors IOP and autonomously modulates the fluid dynamics to maintain stable pressure, allowing the surgical procedure to proceed while self-correcting pressure fluctuations.
2Stability of the object's composition
If real-time IOP monitoring is implemented, then IOP stability can be maintained, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates multiple functions into a unified monitoring and control system. The same sensor infrastructure used for IOP measurement also feeds data to both the control system for automatic adjustment and the display system for real-time visualization. This multi-functional approach reduces overall system complexity compared to having separate dedicated systems for monitoring, control, and display.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the monitoring, control, and display functions into an integrated system architecture. The IOP sensors, control algorithms, and visual display are merged into a cohesive unit that works together seamlessly, reducing the complexity that would arise from having separate independent systems for each function.
3Stability of the object's composition
If continuous IOP measurement is performed, then pressure stability can be evaluated, but measurement precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs statistical evaluation methods that analyze IOP measurements over time periods rather than requiring perfect precision at every instant. By evaluating stability through statistical parameters (mean, standard deviation, time within range), the system can detect pressure stability trends even with normal measurement variability, reducing the stringency of individual measurement precision requirements while maintaining overall assessment accuracy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate and stable IOP management during surgeries, providing a holistic view of pressure stability through graphical representations and numerical scores, ensuring the pressure remains within the desired range for a significant portion of the operation.
Implementation Method 1
A pressure sensor may be employed to measure or assess the pressure such that it can be maintained accurately
Data Source
AI summary
A system, method and computer program product, the system comprising: a phacoemulsification probe having a needle at its distal end, the needle configured to be inserted into an eye of a patient; a pressure sensor, and a processor, configured to repeatedly: obtain a plurality of pressure values taken by the pressure sensor, each of the plurality of pressure values indicating an intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement taken during a surgical procedure; calculate an overall measurement for the surgical procedure based on the pressure values; and displaying on a display device a graphic representation of the overall measurement.