IoT Activity Sensors for Building Security Assessment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing security systems for assessing the security situation in buildings require RFID reading devices and additional facilities, making them complex and expensive.

Innovation Solution

A method and system using IoT activity sensors (CO2, Temp, Motion) connected via IP to a Cloud Service Application, employing AI and Deep Learning to estimate the number of persons present and compare it with expected numbers, determining an indicator for the security situation without the need for RFID devices.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If RFID reading devices and additional facilities are used for physical detection, then the security situation can be assessed, but the system becomes complex and expensive

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesecurity situation assessmentVSAvoidsystem complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/electronic RFID reading system with an environmental sensing system that measures CO2 concentration, temperature, and humidity. These environmental parameters indirectly indicate human presence without requiring direct interaction with RFID tags, thereby simplifying the system architecture while maintaining security assessment capability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces environmental parameters (CO2, temperature, humidity) as intermediary indicators of human presence. Instead of directly detecting RFID tags or physical contact, the system uses these environmental mediators that change in response to human activity, providing an indirect but reliable method for assessing occupancy and security状况

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If RFID reading devices and additional facilities are used for physical detection, then the security situation can be assessed, but the cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesecurity situation assessmentVSAvoidsystem cost

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs inexpensive environmental sensors (CO2, temperature, humidity sensors) that are significantly cheaper than RFID reading devices and additional detection facilities. These sensors can be deployed widely without substantial cost investment, making the security system more economically viable while maintaining reliable security assessment through environmental parameter monitoring

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Ease of manufacture

If environmental sensors are used to estimate person presence, then the system becomes economical, but measurement precision may be affected

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesystem costVSAvoidperson presence detection accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent establishes predetermined threshold values for CO2 concentration, temperature, and humidity that indicate specific occupancy levels. By pre-calibrating these thresholds based on known relationships between environmental parameters and human presence, the system achieves accurate person detection without requiring complex real-time calculation, thereby maintaining measurement precision while using cost-effective sensors

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where sensor readings are continuously compared against threshold values, and security assessments are adjusted based on these comparisons. This feedback loop enables the system to maintain high measurement precision by dynamically adapting to environmental changes while using simple, economical sensors rather than complex detection equipment

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach provides an economical and efficient assessment of the security situation, utilizing existing infrastructure, and improves accuracy over time through self-adaptive algorithms, reducing the complexity and cost associated with traditional systems.

Implementation Method 1

evaluation of sensor values (CO2, Temp, Motion) which are provided by activity sensors

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCO2 detection:

Implementation Method 2

evaluation of sensor values (CO2, Temp, Motion) which are provided by activity sensors

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectTemperature measurement:

Implementation Method 3

evaluation of sensor values (CO2, Temp, Motion) which are provided by activity sensors

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectMotion detection:

Data Source

PatentUS10997834B2Assessing the security situation by means of IoT activity sensors

Publication Date: 2021.05.04 SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG

AI summary

A method and/or system for assessing the security situation in a building through an evaluation of sensor values provided by activity sensors situated in the building, in particular, in the accommodation region, an estimate of the number of persons actually present in the building, determining the number of persons to be expected in the building by an evaluation of administrative data (HR, Outlook, events, occupancies, etc.). Based upon a comparison of the number of persons to be expected with the number of actual persons, an indicator is determined for assessing the actual security situation in the building or in the accommodation region.