IoT Mesh Network Relay Architecture for Battery Life Extension

The patent introduces a mesh network architecture where intermediary IoT devices act as relays to forward data between end devices and the IoT hub. This allows devices to communicate through multiple hops using low-power transmissions rather than maintaining direct high-power connections to the hub, thereby extending battery life while preserving communication reliability through redundant transmission paths.

The security architecture is segmented into distinct functional layers: device-to-mesh network authentication, mesh network routing security, and data transmission encryption. Each layer implements specific security protocols independently, allowing comprehensive security without requiring each individual device to handle all security functions, thus reducing per-device complexity while maintaining overall system security.

The system implements adaptive periodic transmission where devices transmit data at varying intervals based on event importance and battery status. Critical alerts trigger immediate high-frequency transmissions, while routine monitoring uses lower-frequency periodic updates. This approach maintains monitoring accuracy for important events while reducing overall energy consumption through optimized transmission timing.

The patent transitions from a single-dimension direct communication model to a multi-dimensional mesh network where data can travel through multiple spatial hops. This allows devices to extend their operational range by relaying data through intermediate nodes at low power levels, achieving extended range coverage without the high power consumption of direct long-range transmissions.