IoT UAV Mission Scheduling With Relay Paths for Smart City Data

The patent segments the data transmission process by introducing intermediate relay UAVs that form multi-hop transmission paths. Instead of direct long-distance transmission, data is broken into segments transmitted through multiple shorter hops, where each relay UAV receives, processes, and forwards data to the next node in the chain, thereby maintaining transmission efficiency while extending coverage.

Relay UAVs serve as intermediary nodes between the source UAV and the ground control station. These intermediary UAVs receive data from distant sources and forward it to the destination, acting as mediators that enable long-distance data collection without requiring direct line-of-sight communication, thus overcoming signal interference and distance limitations.

The patent segments the airspace into multiple zones and assigns different UAVs to specific zones or time slots for operation. This spatial and temporal segmentation reduces the number of UAVs operating simultaneously in the same space, thereby lowering coordination complexity while maintaining overall data collection capability through distributed multi-UAV operations.

The system dynamically adjusts UAV deployment and coordination based on real-time mission requirements and environmental conditions. UAVs can dynamically change their roles (e.g., from data collector to relay node), and the coordination protocol adapts to optimize resource allocation, reducing complexity while maximizing the effective use of multiple UAVs.

The patent implements preliminary positioning and pre-configured relay networks in anticipated emergency zones. Before actual emergencies occur, UAVs are pre-deployed to strategic locations and the communication infrastructure is pre-established, enabling immediate response when emergencies arise without requiring time-consuming resource allocation decisions during critical moments.

The system incorporates real-time feedback mechanisms that monitor emergency situations and automatically adjust resource allocation. When emergencies are detected, the system receives feedback about the situation severity and location, then dynamically reallocates UAV resources accordingly, ensuring timely response while maintaining overall resource allocation efficiency through automated decision-making.