IP-Bound Access Tokens to Block Theft and Replay

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Solution Overview

Problem

Access tokens can be stolen and reused by unauthorized entities, compromising the security of data access systems.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating the IP address from which an access token request is sent into the access token itself, allowing secure servers to verify that the IP address matches upon token presentation, thereby preventing unauthorized access.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If access tokens are transmitted over a network, then authentication can be performed remotely, but the tokens become vulnerable to theft and replay attacks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveremote authentication capabilityVSAvoidtoken theft and replay attacks
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary actions by establishing a secure channel before token transmission and by implementing token binding to specific contexts (user, device, time, location) before the token is used. This prevents replay attacks because the token is already bound to specific contextual parameters that must be matched during verification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary secure channel layer between the client and server communications. This secure channel acts as a mediator that encrypts token transmissions and establishes contextual bindings, preventing direct exposure of tokens to malicious actors while enabling remote authentication.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If access tokens are made unique and bound to specific contexts, then security against replay attacks improves, but the complexity of token management increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity against replay attacksVSAvoidtoken management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The access token serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as an authentication credential, a binding mechanism to specific contexts (user, device, time, location), and a security token that can be revoked. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate mechanisms while maintaining security.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes parameters of the access token dynamically - binding them to specific contexts (user ID, device ID, timestamp, location) and modifying their validity periods. This allows the same token structure to provide different security levels and contextual bindings without increasing fundamental complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If access tokens have long validity periods, then user convenience improves, but the window for potential security breaches increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuser authentication convenienceVSAvoidsecurity vulnerability window
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The access token's validity is made dynamic rather than static. The system can adjust validity periods based on risk assessment, user behavior, and contextual factors. High-risk situations trigger shorter validity periods or token revocation, while low-risk situations allow longer validity, optimizing both convenience and security.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback mechanisms that continuously monitor token usage patterns and security events. When anomalies are detected (such as unusual access locations or timing patterns), the system responds by reducing token validity or revoking access, creating a dynamic security-convenience balance based on real-time conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP4052161B1Using IP heuristics to protect access tokens from theft and replay
Publication Date: 2026.04.29 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP4052161B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4052161B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4052161B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

An embodiment disclosed herein is related to computing systems and method for a computing system to generate an access token that includes an IP address from a request. In the embodiment, a request is received for access to one secured data items. The request may include user credentials that specify that a user making the request is permitted to access the secured data items. The user credentials are validated and an Internet Protocol (IP) address that the request was sent from is determined. An access token is generated that includes the IP address that the request was sent from.