IPD080 Polypeptides Broaden Insect Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current genetically engineered crops that produce pesticidal proteins from Bacillus strains provide resistance only to a narrow range of insect pests, and there is a need for new pesticidal proteins with broader insecticidal activity to address resistance issues.
Innovation Solution
The development of novel genes encoding pesticidal proteins, specifically the IPD080 polypeptides, which can be used to transform bacteria, plants, and other organisms to confer pesticidal activity against a variety of insect pests, including Lepidoptera and Coleoptera.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If genetically engineered crops produce pesticidal proteins from Bacillus strains, then insect resistance is provided, but the range of insect pests controlled is narrow
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple pesticidal protein genes (Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Vip3A, and novel IPD080 proteins) into a single transgenic plant expression system. This merging of multiple functional genes allows the plant to simultaneously produce a diverse array of pesticidal proteins with different spectrums of activity, thereby expanding the overall range of insect pests controlled while maintaining reliable insect resistance through the synergistic action of multiple proteins.
Solution Approach 2:
The transgenic plant expression system is designed to be universal and multi-functional by accommodating and expressing multiple different pesticidal protein genes from various Bacillus strains. The plant serves multiple functions: producing Cry proteins for Lepidoptera control, Vip proteins for Coleoptera control, and novel IPD080 proteins for broad-spectrum activity. This multi-functionality allows a single crop variety to address multiple insect pest problems simultaneously.
2Reliability
If insects develop resistance to existing insecticides, then pest control effectiveness decreases, but alternative biological control agents are needed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by introducing novel IPD080 polypeptide proteins with different molecular structures and modes of action compared to conventional Bacillus toxins. These new proteins represent a change in the biochemical parameter space, providing a mechanism of action that is distinct from existing insecticides and resistant insect populations. The novel proteins exhibit different target sites and cellular mechanisms, thereby restoring pest control effectiveness against resistant insect strains.
Solution Approach 2:
The transgenic plant produces a composite array of pesticidal proteins including Cry proteins, Vip proteins, and novel IPD080 proteins. This composite material approach combines multiple protein types with different biochemical properties and modes of action. The composite nature of the protein mixture ensures that at least some proteins will remain effective against insect pests that have developed resistance to single-mode-of-action insecticides, thereby maintaining overall pest control effectiveness.
Data Source
AI summary
Compositions and methods for controlling pests are provided. The methods involve transforming organisms with a nucleic acid sequence encoding an insecticidal protein. In particular, the nucleic acid sequences are useful for preparing plants and microorganisms that possess insecticidal activity. Thus, transformed bacteria, plants, plant cells, plant tissues and seeds are provided. Compositions are insecticidal nucleic acids and proteins of bacterial species. The sequences find use in the construction of expression vectors for subsequent transformation into organisms of interest including plants, as probes for the isolation of other homologous (or partially homologous) genes. The pesticidal proteins find use in controlling, inhibiting growth or killing Lepidopteran, Coleopteran, Dipteran, fungal, Hemipteran and nematode pest populations and for producing compositions with insecticidal activity.