IPS LCD Electrode Segmentation for Light Leakage Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
In-plane switching liquid crystal display apparatuses face challenges with contrast and light leakage due to level differences in electrode formation, particularly when using the rubbing technique, which affects the alignment of liquid crystal molecules and results in lower contrast and picture quality.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a specific electrode structure with a principal portion and a smaller specific portion, where the electric field direction is orthogonal to the initial alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules, and the specific portion is inclined by 15 to 45 degrees, allowing for uniform rotation and alignment of liquid crystals, reducing light leakage, and maintaining high contrast.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If the rubbing technique is used to align liquid crystal molecules, then the initial alignment direction can be controlled, but level differences in electrode formation cause alignment deviation and light leakage
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode and common electrode are divided into a principal portion and a specific portion. The principal portion has electrodes extending parallel to the initial alignment direction, while the specific portion has electrodes inclined at 15-45 degrees. This segmentation allows different regions to serve different functions: the principal portion provides uniform alignment, while the specific portion prevents domain formation and light leakage at boundaries.
Solution Approach 2:
Different portions of the electrode structure are given different orientations to suit local requirements. The principal portion uses parallel electrode extension for uniform alignment, while the specific portion uses inclined electrode extension to prevent disclination lines and light leakage at domain boundaries, thereby improving overall picture quality.
2Stability of the object's composition
If the pretwist angle is increased to uniform liquid crystal rotation direction, then rotation uniformity improves, but white luminance decreases and contrast is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel region is segmented into a principal portion where electrodes are parallel to the initial alignment direction (maintaining high luminance) and a specific portion where electrodes are inclined at 15-45 degrees (ensuring uniform rotation direction and preventing domain formation). This segmentation resolves the contradiction between luminance and rotation uniformity.
Solution Approach 2:
The specific portion is designed with inclined electrodes at 15-45 degrees relative to the initial alignment direction, creating a localized region that ensures uniform liquid crystal rotation without affecting the overall white luminance of the principal portion, thereby achieving both high luminance and uniform rotation.
3Power
If comb-shaped electrodes are used to generate horizontal electric field, then the basic IPS function is achieved, but domain boundaries create disclination lines and picture quality deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The comb-shaped electrode structure is segmented into a principal portion with parallel electrodes for basic IPS function and a specific portion with inclined electrodes to eliminate domain boundaries. The specific portion's inclined orientation prevents the formation of disclination lines at boundaries, thereby eliminating picture quality deterioration while maintaining electric field generation.
Solution Approach 2:
The specific portion is designed with electrodes inclined at 15-45 degrees to the initial alignment direction, creating a localized region that eliminates domain boundaries and disclination lines. This local modification prevents picture quality deterioration at boundaries while the principal portion maintains the basic IPS horizontal electric field generation function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration achieves high aperture ratio and contrast by ensuring uniform liquid crystal alignment and minimizing light leakage, even when using the rubbing technique, thereby enhancing picture quality.
Implementation Method 1
display takes place through rotation of the liquid crystals about the molecular axes within a plane parallel to the substrate under the action of a horizontal electric field generated parallel to the substrate
Implementation Method 2
rotation of the liquid crystals about the molecular axes within a plane parallel to the substrate under the action of a horizontal electric field
Data Source
AI summary
A pixel region between a common electrode and a pixel electrode is composed of a principal portion in which the direction of extension of the common electrode and the pixel electrode is parallel with the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and a specific portion not parallel with the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. In the specific portion, the distal portion of the pixel electrode and the basal portion of the common electrode are mutually parallel and inclined by a prescribed angle with respect to the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. When voltage is applied across the common electrode and the pixel electrode to generate a horizontal electric field, the horizontal electric field will be perpendicular to the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules within the principal portion that occupies a major part of a column, whereas the field will not be perpendicular within the specific portion. The principal portion occupies the major part of the column.