In-Plane Switching LCD Transparent Electrode Aperture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional in-plane switching active matrix LCDs suffer from low transmissivity due to the formation of pectinate electrodes inside pixels, which restricts the driving of liquid crystal molecules and reduces aperture size.
Innovation Solution
A transparent continuous solid electrode is formed via a transparent insulating layer underneath the pixel and common electrodes on the substrate, maintaining an electrically floating state to generate a horizontal electric field that improves liquid crystal molecule alignment and transmissivity without altering the electrode width or spacing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If pectinate electrodes are formed inside pixels on one of the substrates, then the liquid crystal molecules can be driven to rotate within a plane parallel to the substrate surface, but the apertures become smaller, causing transmissivity to be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a new spatial dimension by forming a transparent continuous solid electrode on the opposing substrate, creating a three-dimensional electrode configuration. This allows the electric field to be generated not only by the pectinate electrodes on one substrate but also by the continuous electrode on the other substrate, effectively utilizing both substrates for electrode formation. As a result, the aperture area on each substrate can be maximized while maintaining the liquid crystal driving capability through the combined electric field effect.
2Ease of operation
If pectinate electrodes are formed inside pixels on one of the substrates, then the liquid crystal molecules can be driven, but the transmissivity is reduced because the liquid crystal molecules on the electrodes cannot be driven
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of multiple electrodes by forming a transparent continuous solid electrode that spans across the entire opposing substrate, combining with the pectinate electrodes to create a unified electric field system. This continuous electrode ensures that electric fields are generated uniformly across the entire pixel area, including regions above the pectinate electrode structures, enabling liquid crystal molecules throughout the aperture to be effectively driven and improving overall transmissivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances transmissivity and contrast by allowing the liquid crystal molecules to rotate effectively within a plane parallel to the substrate, improving light transmission without changing the electrode geometry.
Implementation Method 1
voltages are applied between the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes to generate a horizontal electric field substantially parallel to the substrate surface between these electrodes, and this horizontal electric field causes the liquid crystal molecules between the electrodes to rotate within a plane substantially parallel to the substrate surface
Implementation Method 2
this horizontal electric field causes the liquid crystal molecules between the electrodes to rotate within a plane substantially parallel to the substrate surface
Data Source
AI summary
In an in-plane switching active matrix LCD apparatus wherein a liquid crystal layer is sealed between a pair of transparent substrates and pectinate pixel electrodes and common electrodes are formed on the transparent substrates, a transparent continuous solid electrode that evenly covers the pixel is provided via a transparent insulating film to the bottom layers of the pixel electrodes and common electrodes, and this transparent continuous solid electrode is in an electrically floating state. Transmissivity can thereby be improved with a simple configuration.