Inductive Power Transfer Control via Energy Injection Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing inductive power transfer (IPT) systems face challenges in controlling power delivery, leading to unpredicted voltage and current overshoots during load transients or startup, which can damage components and complicate controller design, making them costly and inefficient.
Innovation Solution
A method for controlling IPT systems using a switched resonant circuit that determines an energy injection switching sequence based on error calculations to adjust the number and distribution of energy injection events, allowing for adaptive power control and reduced component stress, enabling efficient power transfer and communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional control methods are used to regulate power delivery in IPT systems, then power control capability is achieved, but voltage and current overshoots occur during load transients or startup, causing component damage and system instability
Solution Approach 1:
The controller predicts future power delivery requirements based on historical data and system state, taking preliminary action to adjust power levels before actual load changes occur. This prevents voltage and current overshoots by proactively regulating power delivery rather than reacting after overshoots have occurred.
Solution Approach 2:
The system continuously monitors actual power delivery, voltage, and current parameters, feeding this information back to the controller which adjusts control signals in real-time. This closed-loop feedback mechanism detects and corrects overshoot conditions as they develop, maintaining system stability during load transients and startup.
2Ease of operation
If power control mechanisms are implemented to manage power delivery, then adequate power regulation is achieved, but controller design becomes complicated and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses machine learning models that automatically learn optimal control strategies from operational data, enabling the controller to self-optimize without requiring complex pre-programmed control algorithms. This reduces design complexity while maintaining adequate power regulation capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller dynamically adjusts operating parameters such as switching frequency, duty cycle, and resonant frequency based on real-time system conditions and learned patterns. This flexible parameter adjustment achieves adequate power regulation without requiring complex fixed control logic, simplifying the overall controller design.
3Power
If high frequency current is generated in the primary track to enable inductive coupling, then power transfer capability is achieved, but switching device stress increases and component lifespan decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system operates the switching devices at optimized periodic intervals based on resonant frequency analysis and machine learning predictions. By timing switching events to coincide with optimal points in the resonant cycle, the system achieves required power transfer while minimizing peak stress on switching devices, thereby extending component lifespan.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces conventional hard switching mechanisms with soft switching techniques that leverage resonant oscillations to transfer power. This substitution reduces electromagnetic stress and thermal loading on switching devices during high frequency operation, extending their operational life while maintaining power transfer capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for flexible and efficient power management, reducing component stress, extending their lifespan, and enabling more reliable system designs, particularly in applications like implantable medical devices, while also reducing electromagnetic noise and supporting greater coupling gaps.
Implementation Method 1
The power supply typically generates a high frequency current along the track 2, which is usually a discrete coil, but may in other embodiments comprise a single loop. The magnetic field generated in the track 2 enables a pick up coil 3 of a pick up device 4 to be coupled inductively to the track.
Implementation Method 2
A method for controlling an IPT system primary power supply having a switch resonant circuit, the method including the steps of: determining an error by comparing the value of a parameter of the system with a required value; Using the magnitude of the error to determine an energy injection switching sequence for switching the resonant circuit
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, and has particular relevance to control of IPT systems, and to operation of IPT system primary power supplier. There is provided a method for controlling an IPT system primary power supply having a switched resonant circuit; the method comprising: determining the value of a parameter of the system; determining an energy injection switching pattern having a duration dependent on the parameter value; controlling the resonant circuit according to the determined energy injection switching pattern.