I/Q Encoding on a Nonlinear Grid for Variable Data Rates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing encoding techniques fail to achieve high enough compression ratios and do not utilize all available bandwidth effectively, leading to suboptimal communication between network nodes and radio units in wireless communication systems.
Innovation Solution
In-phase and quadrature (I/Q) data is mapped to a nonlinear grid with an arbitrary number of sample points, allowing for variable rate encoding that matches the available channel bandwidth by selecting code words based on their probability of use and radial distance from the origin, ensuring maximum bit usage within the channel's bit rate.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If existing encoding techniques are used for data transmission, then the transmission can be performed with simple encoding processes, but the compression ratio is insufficient and available bandwidth is not fully utilized
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic bit allocation where the number of bits assigned to each I/Q sample varies based on channel conditions and available bandwidth. The encoder adapts the coding scheme in real-time, selecting from multiple possible bit rates (e.g., 1-4 bits per sample) to optimize throughput while matching the actual channel capacity, rather than using a fixed encoding rate
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the encoding parameters dynamically by adjusting the number of bits used to represent each I/Q sample based on available bandwidth. It also employs variable-length coding schemes where the code word length varies according to the probability of occurrence of different amplitude levels, optimizing the overall bit rate to match channel constraints while maximizing throughput
2Productivity
If fixed bit rate encoding is used, then the encoding process is simple, but the available bandwidth cannot be fully utilized when channel conditions vary
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the encoding rate to match varying channel conditions and available bandwidth. The encoder monitors channel state information and adapts the number of bits per I/Q sample in real-time, allowing the system to fully utilize available bandwidth when conditions permit while maintaining robust operation when bandwidth is limited
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs variable-length code words where the number of bits allocated to represent each I/Q sample changes based on the available bandwidth and channel conditions. The encoding scheme supports multiple bit rates (e.g., 1 bit, 2 bits, 3 bits, or 4 bits per sample) and selects the appropriate rate dynamically to optimize bandwidth utilization
3Productivity
If more bits are allocated per I/Q sample, then the data transmission rate increases, but the channel bandwidth requirements increase proportionally
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements variable bit allocation where the number of bits per I/Q sample is adjusted based on the statistical properties of the signal and the available channel bandwidth. By analyzing the probability distribution of I/Q amplitudes, the system allocates more bits to less probable events and fewer bits to more probable events, achieving higher effective data rates without proportionally increasing bandwidth requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically optimizes the bit allocation per I/Q sample based on real-time channel conditions and signal characteristics. This allows the system to achieve variable data rates that are optimized for the current channel capacity, extracting maximum throughput from available bandwidth without requiring excessive bandwidth resources
Data Source
AI summary
According to one or more embodiments, a network node for communicating with at least one radio unit is provided. The network node including processing circuitry configured to: determine at least one code frame characteristic of a non-linear grid, map in-phase and quadrature, I/Q, data to non-linear grid having a plurality of regions that correspond to a plurality of code words where a plurality of bit sizes of the plurality of code words is a function of a radial distance from an origin of the non-linear grid, select a subset of the plurality of code words based at least in part on a target data rate for transmission, and cause transmission of the I/Q data based at least in part on the selected subset of the plurality of code words.