IRDIG17912 Cry Toxin Composite Delays Insect Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a critical need for new, effective pest control agents that can target a wide spectrum of economically important insect pests, delay or prevent the development of resistant insects, and are environmentally acceptable, particularly for controlling insects that are resistant to existing insect control agents and those with equal or increased potency compared to currently deployed insecticidal protein toxins.
Innovation Solution
A novel Cyt2-like protein toxin, IRDIG17912, and its encoding gene, along with N-terminal deletions, derivatives, and mutant forms, are developed, optimized for plant expression, and used in conjunction with DNA segments and recombinant vectors to produce proteins and peptides with insecticidal activity against specific insect species, such as the Western Corn Rootworm and Diamondback Moth, utilizing plant codon optimization and various transit peptides for targeted expression in transgenic plants.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing insect control agents are used, then insect pest control is achieved, but insect resistance develops and potency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the insecticidal function into multiple distinct Cry toxin proteins (Cry1Ab, Cry2Ae, Cry34Ab1, Cry35Ab1) that target different insect species and physiological pathways. This segmentation allows the composition to maintain effectiveness against diverse pest populations while reducing the development of resistance through cross-resistance mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite insecticidal composition by combining multiple Cry toxin proteins in specific ratios (Cry1Ab: 0.1-10 µg/ml, Cry2Ae: 0.1-10 µg/ml, Cry34Ab1+Cry35Ab1: 0.1-10 µg/ml). This composite approach leverages the synergistic and additive effects of different toxins to overcome insect resistance while maintaining broad-spectrum control effectiveness.
2Adaptability or versatility
If broad-spectrum insecticides are used, then wide pest coverage is achieved, but environmental harm increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by designing insecticides with species-specific targeting mechanisms. Each Cry toxin in the composition has specific binding affinity for particular insect receptors (Cry1Ab for lepidopterans, Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 for coleopterans), allowing selective pest control that spares non-target organisms and reduces environmental harm while maintaining broad coverage of economically important pests.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes in toxin structure and dosage to achieve selective toxicity. By optimizing the concentration ratios of different Cry proteins and their molecular structures, the composition achieves high efficacy against target pests while minimizing impact on beneficial insects and environmental systems.
3Duration of action of stationary object
If single-toxin insecticides are used, then resistance development is delayed, but pest spectrum coverage is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves universality by formulating a multi-functional insecticidal composition where each Cry toxin serves multiple purposes: Cry1Ab and Cry2Ae target lepidopteran pests, while Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 target coleopteran pests. This multi-functionality simultaneously broadens pest spectrum coverage and delays resistance development through multiple modes of action.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies dynamics by creating a flexible composition where the ratios of different Cry toxins can be adjusted based on the specific pest pressure and resistance patterns encountered in the field. This dynamic formulation approach allows optimization for different agricultural scenarios while maintaining the core benefit of multi-toxin synergy.
Data Source
AI summary
Insecticidal toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis, polynucleotides encoding such toxins, use of such toxins to control plant pests, and transgenic plants that produce, and are protected, by these toxins are described.