Irisin Cancer Treatment Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Chemotherapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for breast and prostate cancers often face challenges with drug resistance and metastasis, where existing therapies may not effectively target malignant cells without harming non-malignant ones, and there is a need for innovative approaches that enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy.
Innovation Solution
Administration of therapeutically effective amounts of irisin, either alone or in combination with other anti-cancer agents, to target malignant breast and prostate cancer cells, potentially sensitizing them to chemotherapy and inducing apoptotic death while sparing non-malignant cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional chemotherapy is used to treat breast and prostate cancers, then malignant cells are killed, but non-malignant cells are also harmed and drug resistance develops
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making chemotherapy drugs more selective through combination with irisin. The combination therapy creates a localized effect where the chemotherapy agents preferentially target malignant cells through irisin-mediated mechanisms, while sparing non-malignant cells. This is achieved through irisin's ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment and enhance drug uptake specifically in cancer cells.
Solution Approach 2:
Irisin serves as an intermediary substance that mediates between the chemotherapy agents and the cancer cells. It enhances the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy drugs by modulating cellular pathways, increasing drug uptake, and sensitizing malignant cells to chemotherapy, thereby improving treatment effectiveness while reducing required drug doses.
2Reliability
If high doses of chemotherapy are administered to overcome drug resistance, then cancer cell killing increases, but patient tolerance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by altering the dosing parameters of chemotherapy regimens through irisin combination therapy. By using irisin to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy, the patent enables effective treatment at lower drug doses, thereby maintaining therapeutic effectiveness while reducing toxic side effects and improving patient tolerance.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If chemotherapy doses are reduced to improve patient tolerance, then treatment effectiveness decreases, but drug resistance may develop
Solution Approach 1:
Irisin acts as a mediatory agent that compensates for reduced chemotherapy dosing. It maintains treatment effectiveness at lower drug concentrations by enhancing cellular sensitivity to chemotherapy through multiple mechanisms including modulation of drug efflux pumps, inhibition of repair pathways, and alteration of cellular metabolism, thereby preventing drug resistance development even at reduced doses.
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, the invention provides methods of treating or preventing cancer, in particular aspects breast and/or prostate cancer, by administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically-effective amount of irisin and, optionally, one or more adjuvant therapies (e.g. synergistic co-administration of an additional anti-cancer agent or chemotherapy). Related pharmaceutical compositions, assays and kits are also provided.