Iron Polyoxygen-Anion Anodes for Higher Battery Utilization

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the iron compound by incorporating polyoxygen anions (such as carbonate CO3²⁻, aluminate AlO3³⁻, silicate SiO3²⁻, borate BO3³⁻, vanadate VO3³⁻, molybdate MoO4²⁻, tungstate WO4²⁻, or stannate SnO3²⁻) with specific molar ratios. This compositional parameter change transforms inert iron into highly active iron compounds that enable fast charge-discharge reactions while maintaining safety and cost advantages of iron electrodes.

The patent creates composite iron compounds by combining iron with polyoxygen anions to form new composite materials such as iron carbonate, iron aluminate, iron silicate, iron borate, iron vanadate, iron molybdate, iron tungstate, or iron stannate. These composite materials exhibit synergistic effects where the polyoxygen anions enhance the electrochemical activity of iron while maintaining the structural stability needed for high utilization rates and safety.

The patent replaces expensive lithium with abundant, cheap iron that can be obtained from common sources. The iron-based negative electrode active material with polyoxygen anions provides a cost-effective alternative to lithium-ion batteries, achieving comparable performance with significantly reduced material costs and improved safety due to the non-flammable nature of iron compounds in aqueous electrolyte solutions.

The patent changes the electrochemical parameters by using iron compounds with polyoxygen anions that have optimized redox potentials and electron transfer characteristics. This enables the iron-based battery to achieve high storage energy density comparable to lithium-ion batteries while using safe, non-flammable aqueous electrolyte solutions and abundant, low-cost iron materials.

The patent replaces expensive rare earth elements in nickel-metal hydride batteries with abundant, cheap iron. The iron-based negative electrode active material with polyoxygen anions provides a cost-effective alternative that eliminates dependence on scarce rare earth resources while maintaining safety through the use of aqueous electrolyte solutions and achieving higher storage energy density.

The patent optimizes the electrochemical parameters by using iron compounds with polyoxygen anions that have enhanced capacity and voltage characteristics. This enables the battery to achieve storage energy density significantly higher than nickel-metal hydride batteries while maintaining the safety advantages of aqueous electrolyte solutions and eliminating the need for expensive rare earth elements.