Ischemia Detection via Pressure Rate of Change Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting ischemia, such as relying on ST segment deviation in ECGs, are unreliable due to false indications from other factors, and cardiac biomarkers are delayed in appearing, leading to potential severe heart muscle damage before detection.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus using a pressure sensor to detect ischemia by determining pressure rate of change, identifying impaired relaxation and contractility, and incorporating an implantable medical device (IMD) with a data processing module to analyze pressure signals and deliver therapy or alerts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ST segment deviation in ECG is used to detect ischemia, then detection capability is provided, but false indications occur due to other factors reducing reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism (pressure sensor and dP/dt analysis) to detect ischemia indirectly through hemodynamic changes rather than directly through electrical signals. This mediator approach allows detection of ischemia through a different physiological pathway (mechanical pressure changes) that is not subject to the same false positive factors affecting ECG ST segment analysis, thereby improving reliability while maintaining detection capability
2Measurement precision
If cardiac biomarkers are used to detect ischemia, then confirmation of heart muscle damage is provided, but detection is delayed leading to severe damage before detection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary detection by monitoring pressure rate of change (dP/dt) which reflects real-time hemodynamic changes occurring during ischemia. This allows detection of ischemic events at their onset, before cardiac biomarkers have time to elevate in the bloodstream. The system performs the detection action in advance of when biomarker-based detection would become possible, preventing the time loss that leads to severe heart muscle damage
3Loss of time
If pressure sensor is used to detect ischemia through pressure rate of change, then early detection capability is provided, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a pressure sensing system that serves multiple functions: it monitors hemodynamic status, detects ischemia through dP/dt analysis, and can potentially track other cardiac parameters. By making the pressure sensor system multi-functional, the patent justifies the added device complexity through the benefit of early ischemia detection capability, while also reducing the need for separate dedicated detection systems
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an apparatus and method of detecting ischemia with a pressure sensor. The method can include obtaining a pressure signal and determining a pressure rate of change. The method can also include identifying at least one of impaired relaxation and impaired contractility in order to detect ischemia.