Ising Model Schedule Creation for Worker Allocation

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods struggle to efficiently create schedules for a large number of workers with nonlinear constraint conditions, leading to impractical computation times and manual dependency, especially in call centers with hundreds of operators and varying factors like worker requests and organizational rules.

Innovation Solution

A schedule creation assisting device and method using an Ising model, where worker attendance is represented as spins, and the computation unit minimizes an objective function with constraint conditions, outputting a schedule that balances working time and necessary workers, incorporating adiabatic quantum computation principles to handle nonlinear constraints efficiently.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If spreadsheet software is used to create schedules, then ease of operation is improved, but productivity deteriorates when the number of workers exceeds a certain level

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of operationVSAvoidproductivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual mechanical scheduling operations with an automated quantum annealing system. The Ising model formulation converts the scheduling problem into a quantum optimization problem, where quantum annealing algorithms automatically find optimal schedules without manual intervention, thus maintaining ease of operation while dramatically improving productivity for large-scale problems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter of computation from classical spreadsheet calculations to quantum annealing computations. By formulating the scheduling problem as an Ising model with Hamiltonian H = H0 + Hproblem, the system leverages quantum mechanical parameters (quantum tunneling, superposition) to solve optimization problems that are intractable for classical computers, thereby improving productivity while keeping the user interface simple

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If manual scheduling by experienced persons is used, then adaptability to complex constraints is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to time consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveadaptabilityVSAvoidproductivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The quantum annealing system performs self-service by automatically handling complex scheduling constraints without human intervention. The Ising model formulation encodes all constraints (work-hour limits, rest periods, skill requirements) into the Hamiltonian function, and the quantum annealer autonomously finds schedules that satisfy these constraints, maintaining adaptability while eliminating the time consumption of manual scheduling

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes manual expert judgment with an automated quantum optimization system. The mechanical process of human experts manually adjusting schedules is replaced by quantum annealing algorithms that systematically explore the solution space using quantum mechanical effects, achieving both adaptability to complex constraints and high productivity through rapid computation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Productivity

If quantum computer techniques are applied to schedule creation, then productivity is improved for large numbers of workers, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveproductivityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the complex quantum annealing system into manageable components: the Ising model formulation layer, the quantum annealer execution layer, and the result interpretation layer. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high productivity for large-scale scheduling while managing device complexity through modular architecture and standardized quantum computing interfaces

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary layer in the form of the Ising model formulation that translates complex scheduling constraints into quantum-friendly Hamiltonian functions. This intermediary abstraction layer simplifies the interface between the user and the quantum hardware, allowing productivity improvements without directly exposing users to the underlying quantum device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Measurement precision

If exhaustive search methods are used to solve combinatorial optimization problems, then measurement precision of solution quality is improved, but loss of time increases dramatically

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidloss of time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent exploits phase transitions in quantum annealing, where the system transitions from a simple initial quantum state to a complex final state that encodes the optimal schedule. During the annealing process, quantum tunneling effects allow the system to escape local minima and find global optima, achieving high measurement precision of solution quality without the exponential time loss associated with classical exhaustive search methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the efficient creation of schedules with nonlinear constraint conditions for large numbers of workers, reducing computation time and manual effort, while ensuring realistic and optimized shift arrangements.

Implementation Method 1

computing an Ising model in which, regarding an objective function including, as terms, the total working time length in the period, the number of necessary workers, and a constraint condition function that is minimized when the constraint condition is satisfied, whether each of the workers is to attend at work is set as a spin, and a sensitivity between variables of the constraint condition function is set as an intensity of interaction between the spins

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdiabatic quantum computation:

Data Source

PatentEP3951676B1Schedule creation assisting device and schedule creation assisting method
Publication Date: 2024.10.30 HITACHI LTD
  • EP3951676B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3951676B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3951676B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A schedule creation assisting device 100 includes: a storage unit that stores information on a total working time length in a specified period of each of workers who work in cooperation in a specified operation, a number of the workers necessary at each timing during the period, and a constraint condition regarding allocation of the workers to the operation; and a computation unit 104 that computes an Ising model in which, regarding an objective function including, as terms, the total working time length in the period, the number of necessary workers, and a constraint condition function that is minimized when the constraint condition is satisfied, whether each of the workers is to attend at work is set as a spin, and a sensitivity between variables of the constraint condition function is set as an intensity of interaction between the spins, and that outputs a schedule in which whether each of the workers is to attend at work at the each timing during the specified period is specified based on the result.