Iso-Parallel UPS Load Segmentation and Fault Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing UPS systems face challenges with cost-effectiveness and fault management, particularly in large-scale configurations, where parallel group redundancy can be costly and isolated-module redundant configurations are susceptible to overloading and load imbalances.
Innovation Solution
The Isolated-Parallel Rotary Diesel UPS System Configuration allows for the division of critical loads into independent portions, with each portion being fed from a separate output bus, enabling power sharing and fault isolation among modules, thus reducing costs and improving fault tolerance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If parallel group redundancy is used to provide system redundancy and fault tolerance, then reliability is improved, but system cost increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the UPS system into isolated modules, each with its own flywheel and diesel engine. Critical loads are segmented into portions that can be independently served by different modules. This segmentation allows redundancy without requiring complete parallel duplication of entire groups, reducing system cost while maintaining reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
Each UPS module is designed to be universally capable of serving any critical load portion. The modules can function both as primary power sources for their designated loads and as backup sources for other modules' loads. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for dedicated redundant modules, reducing overall system cost while maintaining N+N redundancy capabilities.
2Device complexity
If isolated-module redundant configuration is used to reduce cost, then device complexity is reduced, but the system becomes susceptible to overloading and load imbalances
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates control systems that continuously monitor load conditions across all modules and provide feedback. When one module experiences a disturbance or overload condition, the control system detects this and prevents other modules from simultaneously transferring loads to the same redundant module. This feedback mechanism eliminates load imbalances and prevents overloading while maintaining the simpler isolated-module configuration.
3Reliability
If fast switching mechanisms are used to transfer critical load during failures, then reliability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-configures the system with multiple modules that are already synchronized and ready to provide power. Instead of requiring fast switching during failures, the system is preliminarily prepared with modules that can immediately assume load without complex switching. The isolated-module design with pre-synchronized operation eliminates the need for complex fast-switching mechanisms while maintaining reliable load transfer capability.
Data Source
AI summary
An Iso-Parallel UPS system may combine the system redundancy, isolation and fault-limiting properties of isolated-redundant systems, with the ability to spread system load evenly across all modules like paralleled systems. This system may have the following features: (1) the critical load can be divided into two or more portions, and each portion may be individually fault tolerant, i.e., any electrical fault on a critical load will affect only the load in that portion—other portions of the critical load can remain connected and operating; (2) the critical load can be shared among all modules within the configuration, and all modules may be equally loaded, or nearly equally loaded—there is no designated redundant unit; and (3) any module can be taken out for maintenance without impacting the critical load.