Tandem Isomerization-Metathesis Catalyst for Isobutylene Conversion

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Solution Overview

Problem

There is a need for methods to convert isobutylene into economically valuable products, such as gasoline, as existing methods do not efficiently utilize isobutylene for such conversions.

Innovation Solution

The process involves tandem catalysis of skeletal isomerization and metathesis, where isobutylene is converted to a mixture of C4 olefins using a skeletal isomerization catalyst, and then the mixture is further processed with a metathesis catalyst to produce a product mixture that includes ethylene, propylene, and C5+ olefins, with C5+ olefins present in at least 25% by weight, suitable for blending into gasoline.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If isobutylene is converted to C5+ compounds through conventional methods, then the production of economically valuable products is limited, but the patent achieves high C5+ olefin yield (at least 25% by weight) through tandem catalysis

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveC5+ olefin yieldVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines skeletal isomerization and metathesis reactions into a tandem catalytic process using a bifunctional catalyst system. The isomerization catalyst (zeolite with specific acidity) and metathesis catalyst (tungsten or molybdenum oxide) are integrated in a single reactor system, allowing sequential transformation of isobutylene to C4 olefins and then to C5+ compounds, achieving high productivity without requiring separate processing units

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes reaction parameters including temperature (300-500°C), pressure (1-10 atm), and catalyst composition ratios to maximize C5+ olefin yield. By adjusting the acidity of the zeolite and the loading of metathesis metal oxide, the process achieves selective conversion with at least 25% C5+ olefin content in the product mixture

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Quantity of substance

If isobutylene is used as feedstock, then the availability of starting material is sufficient, but the conversion to economically valuable products such as gasoline is inefficient with existing methods

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveisobutylene conversion efficiencyVSAvoidunreacted isobutylene and low-value byproducts
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary skeletal isomerization of isobutylene to C4 olefins (1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene) before the metathesis reaction. This preliminary transformation creates the necessary substrate configuration for efficient metathesis to C5+ compounds, ensuring complete utilization of isobutylene feedstock and minimizing unreacted material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The C4 olefin mixture serves as an intermediary species between isobutylene and C5+ compounds. The tandem catalyst system mediates the transformation through this intermediate stage, enabling efficient conversion pathways that avoid direct formation of low-value byproducts and maximize gasoline-range hydrocarbon production

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method effectively converts isobutylene into a gasoline blend with a significant propylene byproduct, achieving a high yield of C5+ olefins, which can be further processed to produce gasoline, thereby addressing the need for economically valuable products.

Implementation Method 1

contacting isobutylene and a skeletal isomerization catalyst to convert the isobutylene to a mixture of C 4 olefins

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSkeletal isomerization: Catalysis

Implementation Method 2

contacting the mixture of C 4 olefins with a metathesis catalyst to convert the mixture of C 4 olefins to a product mixture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMetathesis: Catalysis

Data Source

PatentEP4159706B1Methods for isobutylene conversion to c5+ compounds
Publication Date: 2024.08.28 LYONDELL CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY LP
  • EP4159706B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4159706B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4159706B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods of converting isobutylene to C5+ compounds. The methods may include contacting isobutylene with a skeletal isomerization catalyst to provide a mixture of C4 olefins, and then contacting the mixture of C4 olefins with a metathesis catalyst to convert the mixture of C4 olefins to a product mixture. The product mixture may include C5+ olefins.