Isochoric Cryopreservation With Temperature-Pressure Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cryopreservation technologies lack precise control over thermodynamic parameters, particularly pressure and volume, which are crucial for effective preservation of biological materials, especially large organs, leading to inconsistent and unrepeatable outcomes.
Innovation Solution
Implementing isochoric systems that monitor and control both temperature and pressure during the cryopreservation process, using a pressure transducer and thermometer to maintain thermodynamic equilibrium, facilitating vitrification and devitrification processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If temperature control alone is used in cryopreservation, then the process is simple to operate, but the preservation reliability is poor due to lack of pressure monitoring
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control by continuously monitoring both temperature and pressure parameters during cryopreservation and using this data to adjust the cooling process. Pressure sensors provide real-time feedback on the thermodynamic state, enabling dynamic adjustment of cooling rates to maintain optimal preservation conditions and prevent ice crystal formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the control parameters from temperature-only to combined temperature and pressure monitoring. By measuring both parameters simultaneously, the system accurately determines the thermodynamic state of the biological material, enabling precise control over the cryopreservation process and improving preservation reliability.
2Manufacturing precision
If fast cooling is used to achieve vitrification, then ice crystal formation is prevented, but the control precision over thermodynamic parameters deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic control of the cooling process by adjusting the cooling rate based on real-time pressure and temperature measurements. The system transitions from static, predetermined cooling protocols to dynamic adjustment, allowing the cooling rate to be optimized at each stage of the process to achieve precise vitrification control.
Solution Approach 2:
Pressure feedback during cooling provides real-time information about the thermodynamic state, enabling the system to adjust the cooling rate dynamically. When pressure indicates approaching vitrification conditions, the system can slow the cooling rate to maintain precise control and avoid unwanted phase transitions.
3Measurement precision
If pressure and temperature are monitored simultaneously, then the thermodynamic state is accurately determined, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the monitoring system multi-functional by using the same sensor assembly to measure both temperature and pressure simultaneously. This universal approach allows one integrated system to perform multiple measurement functions, reducing overall complexity compared to separate monitoring systems while maintaining high measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines temperature and pressure sensing capabilities into a single integrated monitoring system. By merging these two measurement functions into one coordinated system with shared electronics and control logic, the patent reduces the complexity that would arise from completely separate monitoring systems while maintaining accurate simultaneous measurement of both parameters.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for precise control of the cryopreservation process, ensuring consistent and effective preservation of biological materials by preventing ice crystal formation and optimizing vitrification protocols.
Implementation Method 1
measuring pressure of the isochoric system while reducing the temperature of the isochoric system to a subfreezing temperature
Implementation Method 2
measuring temperature and pressure during freezing and thawing provides precise insight into the thermodynamic state of the ice
Implementation Method 3
Cryopreservation by vitrification (glass formation) is an area of great interest for cryopreservation
Implementation Method 4
reducing the temperature of the isochoric system until a subfreezing temperature is reached for the biological sample
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides processes for temperature and pressure controlled cryopreservation of samples by using isochoric systems.