Isocyanate Formulation Viscosity Reduction via Solvent Composition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polyisocyanate preparations often have high viscosity, making them difficult to mix and apply, especially in paint formulations, as they are either solid or highly viscous at room temperature, which hinders miscibility and surface quality.
Innovation Solution
A mixture comprising at least one optionally blocked diisocyanate and/or polyisocyanate, an aromatic hydrocarbon mixture predominantly consisting of alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds with 9 and 10 carbon atoms, and optionally additional solvents, where the proportion of alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds with 10 carbon atoms is limited to no more than 25% by weight, significantly reducing viscosity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If polyisocyanates are mixed with solvents to reduce viscosity, then processability and miscibility improve, but the complexity of solvent selection and formulation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the solvent by specifying particular aromatic hydrocarbons (methyl-n-propylbenzene, methyl-isopropylbenzene, diethylbenzene isomers) with controlled carbon atom counts (9-11 carbons) and substitution patterns. This parameter specification reduces formulation complexity by providing clear compositional guidelines while achieving the desired viscosity reduction and processability improvement.
2Stability of the object's composition
If high proportions of alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds with 10 carbon atoms are used, then solubility is improved, but viscosity increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating between specific aromatic hydrocarbon components based on their carbon atom count and substitution pattern. It specifies that compounds with 9 carbons (methyl-n-propylbenzene, methyl-isopropylbenzene) and 11 carbons (diethylbenzene isomers) should predominate, while limiting 10-carbon compounds. This localized compositional control optimizes both solubility and viscosity by selecting specific molecular structures with favorable properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the compositional parameters by controlling the proportion of alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds with different carbon atom counts. Specifically, it limits 10-carbon compounds to ≤25 wt% while promoting 9-carbon and 11-carbon compounds, thereby achieving lower viscosity while maintaining adequate solubility through parameter optimization.
3Stability of the object's composition
If polyisocyanates are used in high viscosity form, then product stability is maintained, but miscibility and surface quality deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces specific aromatic hydrocarbons as intermediary substances that mediate between the polyisocyanate and the final coating formulation. These solvents (methyl-n-propylbenzene, methyl-isopropylbenzene, diethylbenzene isomers) act as intermediaries that reduce viscosity and improve miscibility without compromising product stability, thereby enabling both stable storage and high surface quality application.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves polyisocyanate preparations with significantly lower viscosity, improving miscibility and processability, and enhancing surface quality in paint applications.
Implementation Method 1
Preparations of polyisocyanates, for example isocyanurates, have been known for a long time and are available in the form of numerous commercial products from various manufacturers. Since polyisocyanates often have a high viscosity or are even solid at room temperature, solvents are frequently added to such polyisocyanate preparations.
Data Source
AI summary
Low-viscosity formulations of isocyanate-containing compounds in solvents and use thereof.