Substituted Isophthalamide Herbicides for Crop-Selective Weed Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing isophthalamides do not have adequate herbicidal efficacy and compatibility with crop plants, particularly those with tertiary amide groups and specific substituents in the phenyl ring.
Innovation Solution
Development of isophthalamides with specific substituents in the 2 and 4 positions of the phenyl ring, including halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and heterocyclic groups, forming heterocycles with nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atoms, which enhance herbicidal efficacy and compatibility with crops.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If isophthalamides with tertiary amide groups and specific substituents are used, then herbicidal efficacy is improved, but compatibility with crop plants deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically varies multiple parameters including the type of substituent (halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic), the position of substitution (2 and 4 positions of phenyl ring), the nature of amide groups (tertiary, secondary, primary), and the structure of heterocyclic rings (four-, five-, six-, or seven-membered with 1-3 heteroatoms). These parameter changes enable optimization of both herbicidal efficacy and crop plant compatibility by fine-tuning the molecular structure to achieve the desired balance between activity and selectivity.
2Reliability
If isophthalamides with specific substituent patterns are developed, then herbicidal activity against broad spectrum weeds is improved, but structural complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces specific substituent patterns at defined positions (2 and 4 positions of the phenyl ring) rather than random substitution throughout the molecule. This localized approach to structural modification allows the compound to maintain a relatively simple core isophthalamide structure while achieving enhanced herbicidal activity through specific local features. The substituent types are carefully selected (halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic) to provide the necessary activity without excessive complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
There are described isophthalamides of the general formula (I) as herbicides.In this formula (I) X and Y are radicals such as hydrogen, alkyl and halogen. Z1 and Z2 are radicals such as alkyl, cycloalkyl and phenyl. Q is a heterocyclic ring such as tetrazolyl.