I-spga Immunogen for Hyperimmune Egg Production
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing immunogens used in the production of hyperimmune eggs do not effectively preserve antigenic structures, leading to suboptimal immune responses and stability issues, particularly due to the use of formalin inactivation methods that fail to maintain epitopes and the lack of targeted immunopotentiators and adjuvants to enhance antigenicity.
Innovation Solution
The development of I-spga immunogen, which uses a complex antigen mixture of 18-26 pathogen strains isolated from patients, combined with SPGA as an immunopotentiator and QS-21 as an adjuvant, to immunize hens, resulting in hyperimmune eggs with enhanced antibody production and specificity, and the use of glutamate to increase antigenic signal and lymphocyte activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If formalin inactivation method is used to prepare immunogen, then inactivation process is simple and standardized, but antigenic structures and epitopes are not preserved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the inactivation parameters by using binary ethyleneimine (BEI) instead of formalin, and reduces treatment time from 2 hours to 30 minutes, thereby preserving antigenic structures while achieving effective inactivation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the chemical inactivation mechanism of formalin with a different chemical agent (binary ethyleneimine) that has more favorable effects on antigen preservation, substituting one chemical system with another that better maintains epitope integrity
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional immunogen preparation is used, then production process is straightforward, but immune response intensity and antibody avidity are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite immunogen formulation by combining multiple antigenic components (bacteria, yeasts, viruses, fungi) with specific adjuvants (QS-21, SPGA, glutamate), producing a synergistic effect that enhances immune response while maintaining manufacturability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces adjuvants (QS-21, SPGA, glutamate) as intermediary substances that mediate between the antigen and the immune system, amplifying the immune response and increasing antibody avidity without complicating the overall production process
3Productivity
If immunization intervals are shortened to increase productivity, then egg production frequency increases, but immunological memory is not properly developed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a periodic immunization schedule with 4-week intervals that aligns with the immunological memory development cycle, ensuring proper immune response while maintaining acceptable egg production frequency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the time parameter of immunization intervals from short intervals (10 days) to extended intervals (4 weeks), allowing immunological memory to develop properly while still achieving productive antibody production in hens
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
I-spga immunogen generates a robust and specific immune response in hens, maintaining antibody titers for over 40 weeks, with hyperimmune eggs exhibiting high IgY levels and specific reactivity to administered antigens, effectively addressing the limitations of previous immunogen technologies.
Implementation Method 1
inactivation with binary ethyleneimine (BEI) and formalin
Implementation Method 2
the ultrasound treatment allows the increase of antigen contact surface
Implementation Method 3
The antigenic stimulus was amplified by the use of a SPGA immunopotentiator
Implementation Method 4
formation of the immunogen with QS-21 adjuvant
Implementation Method 5
the hen immune response transferred into the egg yolk
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the composition and method of preparing an immunogen designated as I-spga consisting of a complex antigen prepared from 18 to 26 species of pathogenic microorganisms isolated from patients, inactivated with binary ethyleneamine (BEI) and formalin, diluted in a SPGA immunopotentiator mixed with QS-21 adjuvant. By inoculating the hens with the I-spga immunogen, hyperimmune eggs (Immunospga) are obtained which contain immunologically active proteins specific to the 18-26 antigens used for immunization. The immune response of the hens is specific to the used antigens by amplification of the antigenic signal by the SPGA immunopotentiator and due to a special immunization program that allows the immune system to act complex and intense: The I-spga complex antigen contains 18-26 microorganisms isolated from patients, bacterial bodies, components from bodies obtained by ultrasonography, cilia, exotoxins, endotoxins, spores, viruses, fungi or yeasts. This pathogenic material is inactivated with BEI and formalin. The I-spga antigen is of three types. The standard I-spga antigen is composed of 18 to 24 antibiotic-resistant bacterial species isolated from patients in Romania. The specific I-spga complex antigen is composed of the I-spga complex antigen containing a mixture of 7-9 strains from a single species of bacteria, fungi or yeasts isolated from patients in Romania mixed with SPGA and QS-21, used for inoculation of hens previously immunized with standard I-spga antigen. The personalized I-spga antigen is composed of patient-derived pathological material containing cellular debris and pathogenic germs inactivated with BEI and formalin and mixed with SPGA and QS-21 and is used to immunize hens previously immunized with the standard I-spga antigen. This now patented technology encompasses a new generation of biological products in which the immune response of the hens to different groups of parenterally inoculated antigens at different time intervals is overlapping. Chicken response is uniform and additional administration of immunogens and SPGA as an immunopotentiator amplifies the antigenic signal and immune response. The I-spga immunogen as well as the immune response contain two markers, G and A, which identify the I-spga antigen used for immunization against the antigens used to produce the Imunoinstant group bio-preparations or similar products. The I-spga immunogen is used to immunize the hens for obtaining immunologically active proteins that can be used to treat immune deficiencies, psoriasis, epidermolysis bullosa, other dermatitises, nosocomial infections, antibiotic-resistant infections in the urinary system of children and grownups.