Jarring Device Hammer Impact for Casing Friction Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Removing wellbore casing is challenging due to high static friction forces from surrounding materials like cement and mud, requiring large pulling forces and time-consuming cutting into shorter sections.
Innovation Solution
A jarring device with a hammer and driving mechanism that applies high radial impact and vibration forces to break up surrounding material, reducing friction and allowing longer casing sections to be pulled with fewer cuts, using a shunt or eccentric disc to propel the hammer from a first to a second position for repeated impacts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If transverse vibrations are applied to the casing using a hammer suspended on a flexible suspension support, then the casing can be freed from surrounding material, but the forces generated are relatively small and may not be sufficient to break up cement and mud
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the static or slowly oscillating hammer suspension system into a dynamic system where the hammer is propelled at high speed against the casing. The driving means converts rotational motion into linear impact motion, creating high-velocity impacts that generate sufficient force to break up cement and mud while maintaining a relatively simple device structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes mechanical vibration through the high-speed reciprocating motion of the hammer against the casing. The repeated impacts create vibrational effects that help free the casing from surrounding material while the high velocity of each impact ensures sufficient force is applied to break up hardened cement and mud deposits.
2Force
If the casing is cut into shortened sections to reduce pulling force, then less force is needed to remove the casing, but the process becomes very time consuming and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by using the high-force impact device to break up and loosen the cement and mud surrounding the casing before the pulling operation. This preliminary breakdown of the bonding material reduces the static friction forces, allowing the casing to be pulled out as a longer section without requiring time-consuming cuts.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the problematic bonding material (cement and mud) from between the casing and surrounding formation by breaking it up through high-velocity hammer impacts. This removal of the bonding agent eliminates the need for cutting the casing into sections, enabling complete removal in single or fewer pulls.
3Force
If large pulling forces are applied to overcome high static friction forces, then the casing can be removed, but the process requires extensive cutting into shorter sections
Solution Approach 1:
The impact device performs preliminary breakdown of the cement and mud bonding material before the pulling operation begins. This pre-loosening of the casing from surrounding material dramatically reduces the static friction forces that would otherwise require excessive pulling force and multiple cutting operations, thereby increasing overall productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the traditional mechanical pulling system with a high-velocity impact system. Instead of relying solely on gradual mechanical pulling forces that require sectioning, the system uses kinetic energy from the propelled hammer to fracture and dislodge the bonding material, enabling more efficient removal of longer casing sections.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device reduces the force needed to remove casing sections, decreases the time required for extraction, and minimizes health, safety, and environmental risks by breaking up cement and mud, enabling longer sections to be pulled without extensive cutting.
Implementation Method 1
a driving means for driving the hammer between a first position in which the hammer is spaced from the casing and a second position in which the hammer contacts the casing, such that the driving means is operable during use to drive the hammer from the first position to the second position so as to impact the casing
Implementation Method 2
The jarring device may be used as a high energy lateral percussion hammer to apply high radial impact and/or vibration forces to a casing to help free it from surrounding material
Data Source
AI summary
In a jarring device and method for applying an impact to a casing of a wellbore in a subterranean or subsea formation, the jarring device includes a hammer and a driving means for driving the hammer between a first position in which the hammer is spaced from the casing, and a second position in which the hammer contacts the casing, such that the driving means is operable during use to drive the hammer from the first position to the second position so as to impact the casing. The hammer is reciprocated by the driving means.