Jet Condenser Multilayer Water Chamber Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing jet type condensers with single-layered inner water chambers face challenges in maintaining optimal film-forming pressure during winter conditions due to reduced cooling water flow, leading to undercooling of condensed water and increased heat consumption.
Innovation Solution
A jet type condenser with multilayered inner water chambers, featuring a transverse partition board that divides the inner space into independent upper and lower cavities, allowing for independent adjustment of cooling water flow and pressure, ensuring optimal film formation across all operation conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If cooling water flow is reduced in winter to match lower temperature conditions, then energy consumption decreases, but the jet pressure drops below optimal range causing poor film formation and increased heat consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The single inner water chamber is segmented into multiple layers (at least two layers), with each layer having independent nozzles and water supply control. This allows different water flow rates to be supplied to different nozzle layers, enabling the system to maintain optimal jet pressure for film formation while adapting to varying cooling water flow conditions in different seasons.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic adjustability by providing independent water supply control for each nozzle layer. This dynamic control system allows the operator to adjust the water flow rate to each layer according to actual operating conditions, ensuring that jet pressure remains within the optimal range (0.005-0.0225 MPa) for stable film formation regardless of seasonal variations in cooling water flow.
2Productivity
If multiple rows of nozzles are arranged in a single-layered water chamber to handle large capacity units, then the condenser can serve larger steam turbines, but the height difference between nozzles causes significant pressure difference making film formation unstable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a single-layer horizontal arrangement to a multi-layer vertical arrangement of nozzles. By stacking nozzles in multiple layers at different heights, the system can serve larger steam turbine capacities while maintaining stable pressure distribution. Each layer is equipped with independent water supply control to compensate for pressure variations due to height differences, ensuring stable film formation across all nozzle rows.
3Reliability
If the number of nozzles is reduced to maintain pressure in winter, then film formation is improved, but the cooling capacity becomes insufficient for large-sized units
Solution Approach 1:
The condenser is divided into multiple nozzle layers, each capable of independent operation. This segmentation allows the system to activate only the necessary number of nozzle layers based on actual cooling demand and water flow conditions. In winter, fewer layers can be activated to maintain pressure, while in summer, all layers can be activated to provide full cooling capacity for large-sized units.
Solution Approach 2:
The multi-layer nozzle structure provides universal adaptability to different operating conditions and capacities. The same condenser structure can handle both small-capacity operations (activating fewer layers) and large-capacity operations (activating all layers), making it suitable for various-sized steam turbines while maintaining optimal film formation quality across all scenarios.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design maintains the jet pressure of nozzles within an optimal range, ensuring the cooling water is heated to saturation temperature, reducing condenser depression and thermal consumption, and is scalable for various-sized steam turbines.
Implementation Method 1
there is a significant increase in industrial water consumption, which resulted in lack of water; accordingly, water coolers were gradually replaced by air coolers in refineries and petrochemical plants
Implementation Method 2
a terminal temperature difference exists between the cooling water and condensed water
Implementation Method 3
The nozzles 1 in the jet type condenser are film nozzles 1 with a jet pressure head of 0.005 - 0.0225 MPa at which a stable water film can be formed
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5~6
AI summary
A jet type condenser comprises a shell (8). A plurality of multilayered inner water chambers (3,4) is arranged in the shell, multilayered outer water chambers (9,10) being correspondingly in communication with the inner water chambers (3,4) are arranged outside the shell (8), each of the outer water chambers (9,10) is in communication with a water source, the lower portion of the inner water chamber (4) in a bottom layer is an air-cooling area (6), and a water guiding tube (16) in communication with the air-cooling area (6) is arranged at the bottom of the inner water chamber (4) of the bottom layer. A transverse partition board (5) is disposed in the inner water chamber (4) of the bottom layer, the inner space of the inner water chamber (4) of the bottom layer is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity (4-1, 4-2) which are independent, and correspondingly, the outer water chamber (10) corresponding to the inner water chamber (4) of the bottom layer is also divided into two independent cavities (10-1,10-2) being respectively in communication with the two cavities (4-1, 4-2) of the inner water chamber (4) of the bottom layer and respectively connected with the water source. The use range of the jet type condenser is expanded, the condenser depression of condensate of the condenser can be remarkably reduced, and the running thermal consumption of a unit is reduced.