Jet Ejector Reaction Zone for Vacuum and Pressure Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing jet ejectors are limited by the vapor pressure of the working fluid, leading to restricted vacuum strength and unsafe operating conditions, particularly in reactive systems where temperature and pressure control are critical.
Innovation Solution
A jet ejector arrangement with a hollow tube and external feed line, allowing recirculation of unreacted motive and additional fluids, maintaining temperature control and optimizing reaction conditions through suction-induced mixing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a liquid is used as the working fluid in a conventional ejector, then the system is compact and simple, but the vacuum strength is limited by the vapor pressure of the liquid
Solution Approach 1:
The ejector is divided into functionally independent sections: a nozzle for generating the fluid jet, a mixing section for vacuum generation, and a reaction zone within the hollow tube for chemical reactions. This segmentation allows each section to be optimized for its specific function, enabling the reaction zone to operate independently of the vacuum generation mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
A hollow tube is introduced as an intermediary component surrounding the nozzle and mixing section. This hollow tube provides a dedicated reaction zone where chemical reactions can occur independently, allowing the working fluid to serve dual purposes: generating vacuum in the mixing section and participating in chemical reactions in the reaction zone.
2Productivity
If chemical reactions are carried out in a confined pipe reactor under pressure, then reaction efficiency is improved, but temperature and pressure control become critical safety constraints
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts operating conditions by controlling the flow rate and pressure of the working fluid through the nozzle. By varying these parameters, the system can optimize reaction efficiency while maintaining temperature and pressure within safe limits in the reaction zone.
Solution Approach 2:
The hollow tube provides a continuous reaction zone where reactants are continuously mixed and reacted as the working fluid flows through the ejector. This continuous action ensures consistent temperature and pressure control throughout the reaction process, preventing hot spots and pressure build-up.
3Volume of moving object
If the reaction zone is located in a confined space, then the system is compact, but pressure build-up becomes a safety risk
Solution Approach 1:
The hollow tube serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the reaction zone for chemical reactions, provides structural support for the ejector assembly, and facilitates heat transfer to control reaction temperature. This multi-functionality maintains system compactness while ensuring safety through its reaction zone design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures safe and complete reaction of reactants within safe temperature and pressure limits, enhancing reaction efficiency and minimizing hot spots while reducing system footprint.
Implementation Method 1
a working fluid (liquid or gaseous) (100) flows through a jet nozzle (200) into a tube (300) that expands in cross-sectional area (400). The fluid leaving the jet is flowing at a high velocity which due to Bernoulli's principle results in it having an underpressure, thus generating a vacuum.
Implementation Method 2
An ejector is a type of vacuum pump, which produces vacuum by means of the Venturi effect.
Implementation Method 3
the tube then typically expands to decrease the velocity of the ejected stream, allowing the pressure to smoothly increase to the external pressure.
Data Source
AI summary
A jet ejector arrangement, including a jet ejector with an internal nozzle having a base and a tip and, on a common longitudinal axis, an inlet for a motive fluid at the base and an outlet for the accelerated motive fluid at the tip; a hollow tube having a base and surrounding the internal nozzle, such that the base of the hollow tube surrounds the base of the nozzle, and extending downstream the tip such that the chemical components inside the hollow tube reside therein for 0.1 to 5 seconds, wherein the flow direction in the hollow tube is defined by the flow direction of the motive fluid, for mixing and reacting the motive fluid with an additional fluid feed in a reaction zone in the hollow tube, thereby providing a reacted fluid; and an opening in the wall of the hollow tube for entry of the additional fluid feed.