Jet Impingement Reactor Wall Heat Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Catalytic reactors with annular cross sections are ineffective for heat transfer in cylindrical or full cross-section reactors, as they restrict fluid flow and increase pressure drops, and existing designs fail to consistently enhance heat transfer near the reactor wall.
Innovation Solution
A catalytic reactor design featuring a core and casing structure, where the core allows axial and radial fluid flow with perforated channels and the casing directs fluid to impinge the reactor wall at an angle, promoting heat transfer through radially arrayed channels with varying porosity and hydraulic diameters, enhancing heat transfer coefficients.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If parallel stacks of corrugated sheets are used at alternating inclinations, then fluid mixing is enhanced, but heat transfer effectiveness near the reactor wall is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The reactor is divided into two distinct functional zones: a core region with corrugated sheets for mixing and a peripheral region with jet impingement structures for heat transfer. This segmentation allows each zone to optimize its specific function without compromising the other.
Solution Approach 2:
Different structural configurations are applied to different locations within the reactor. The core uses corrugated sheets inclined at angles to promote mixing, while the periphery uses radially arrayed channels to direct jets at the reactor wall for enhanced heat transfer, matching structure to local functional requirements.
2Device complexity
If channels are arranged parallel to reactor cross section, then structural simplicity is maintained, but heat transfer consistency near the reactor wall is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The channels are arranged radially rather than parallel to the cross-section, curving toward the reactor wall. This radial configuration ensures that jet channels consistently impinge the reactor wall across all angular positions, providing uniform heat transfer enhancement while maintaining reasonable structural complexity.
3Quantity of substance
If extensive fluid flow parallel to reactor wall is used, then fluid circulation is promoted, but boundary layer destruction is ineffective
Solution Approach 1:
Jet impingement technology is employed to create high-velocity fluid streams that directly impact the reactor wall. The hydraulic design of radially arrayed channels directs jets at optimal angles to simultaneously achieve boundary layer destruction and sustained fluid circulation through the reactor.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively increases heat transfer throughout the reactor volume, particularly near the reactor wall, while minimizing pressure drops, and is suitable for steam reforming and catalytic converters, prolonging catalyst life by improving cooling efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
Jet impingement of a fluid onto a solid surface is known to increase the heat transfer coefficient near the surface
Implementation Method 2
increase the heat transfer coefficient near the wall
Implementation Method 3
provide mixing of process fluid by enhancing turbulence throughout a reactor
Implementation Method 4
The obliquely inclined corrugations induce a lateral component to the fluid velocity
Data Source
AI summary
A catalytic reactor containing a core structure near the reactor axis and a casing structure near the reactor wall, the two structures differing from each other to promote catalysis and heat transfer, respectively. The casing contains a multiplicity of first devices for directing fluid centrifugally to impinge a reactor wall and second devices for permitting fluid to flow away from a reactor wall as the fluid flows from the inlet to the outlet of the reactor.