Joint Frequency-Phase Modulation Backscatter Tags for Vehicular Positioning

The system segments the positioning function by deploying multiple distributed backscatter tags along the roadway instead of using a single centralized system. Each tag independently provides positioning signals, and the vehicle's multi-antenna system collects signals from multiple tags to achieve accurate positioning without requiring prolonged contact with any single tag.

The patent replaces mechanical contact-based positioning systems with electromagnetic signal-based backscatter positioning. Instead of relying on physical contact between vehicle sensors and road tags, the system uses wireless electromagnetic signals that can be received over distance, thereby eliminating the need for prolonged mechanical contact while maintaining positioning accuracy.

The system creates multiple copies of the positioning function through distributed backscatter tags along the roadway. Instead of relying on a few critical tags that must withstand heavy traffic, numerous tags provide redundant positioning capabilities, so if some tags are damaged, the system continues to function reliably through the remaining tags.

The backscatter tags are designed with multi-functionality, serving both as positioning beacons and as durable, passive reflective elements. Their simple passive design inherently provides durability while their electromagnetic reflection capability enables positioning, combining multiple functions in a single robust component.

The patent replaces mechanical contact extension mechanisms with electromagnetic signal processing. Instead of physically extending contact time through mechanical means, the multi-antenna system captures electromagnetic signals from multiple tags simultaneously and uses signal processing algorithms to achieve accurate positioning, thereby extending effective contact duration without mechanical complexity.

The system transitions from temporal extension of contact (trying to prolong interaction time with single tags) to spatial dimension utilization by deploying multiple antennas that can simultaneously receive signals from multiple tags across different spatial locations, achieving extended effective contact through spatial diversity rather than temporal prolongation.