Joint Implant Localization for Precise Extraction and Placement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current joint revision and replacement surgeries face challenges in accurately extracting and placing implants due to manual methods leading to increased surgical time, bone loss, and radiation exposure, with existing technologies lacking real-time positioning data.
Innovation Solution
A centralized computing system with a joint templating software, CAD software, and a localization device that uses a coupler and sensors to provide real-time position and orientation data for robotic assistance in implant extraction and placement, ensuring precise and efficient procedures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If manual extraction methods are used, then surgical flexibility is maintained, but surgical time increases and bone loss occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical extraction methods with an automated robotic system that uses computer vision and machine learning to guide precision cutting tools. The robotic arm executes automated cutting paths based on pre-planned trajectories, eliminating the need for manual manipulation and reducing surgical time while preserving bone structure through precise, controlled cuts.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs real-time optical tracking and computer vision algorithms that automatically monitor and adjust the extraction process without continuous manual intervention. The robotic system self-corrects its positioning based on feedback from sensors and cameras, maintaining precision throughout the procedure while reducing overall surgical time and bone trauma.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If manual extraction methods are used, then procedural adaptability is maintained, but radiation exposure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces fluoroscopic imaging guidance with a robotic vision system that uses optical cameras and computer vision algorithms to track anatomical landmarks and guide the extraction process. This eliminates ionizing radiation exposure while maintaining precise guidance through automated image processing and real-time feedback mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces optical markers and reflective surfaces as intermediaries between the physical anatomy and the digital guidance system. These markers enable the computer vision system to track positions and orientations without radiation, serving as a safe intermediary that bridges the gap between manual surgical dexterity and automated precision.
3Manufacturing precision
If automated robotic systems are used, then precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The robotic system is designed with modular components that can perform multiple functions: the same robotic arm executes both cutting and implant placement tasks, while the computer vision system tracks both anatomical landmarks and implant positions. This multi-functionality reduces overall system complexity compared to having separate specialized systems for each task.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements real-time feedback loops where optical sensors continuously monitor the position of surgical tools and implants, comparing actual positions with planned trajectories. The control system automatically adjusts tool positions based on this feedback, maintaining precision while simplifying the user interface and reducing the need for complex manual calibration procedures.
Data Source
AI summary
An implant localization device includes a coupler and a positioning system. The coupler is configured to removably engage an implant component to fix the positioning system in space relative to the implant component. The positioning system is in communication with a centralized computing system, whereby, due to the fixed spatial relationship between the positioning system and the implant component, via the coupler, and determinable changes in movement relative to a registered starting point, the centralized computing system is able to calculate a real-time position and orientation of the implant component. The centralized computing system is configured to synthesize data from a joint templating software program, a CAD software program, and the positioning system to provide real-time positional and orientation data to assist with extraction and placement of the implant component. Robotics and reference markers may be used to further automate and/or enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the system.