Joystick Magnet Orientation Sensing via Magnetic Field Gradients

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Magnetic position sensor systems that measure the orientation of a pivotable magnet about a fixed reference point face challenges in achieving high accuracy and robustness against external disturbance fields, especially when the magnet has two degrees of freedom.

Innovation Solution

A sensor device comprising a semiconductor substrate with magnetic sensors configured to determine specific magnetic field gradients, and a processing circuit to calculate angles based on these gradients, providing a robust method for determining the orientation of a cylindrical or axially magnetized magnet, even in the presence of external disturbance fields.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If magnetic sensors measure magnetic field components directly, then the system structure is simple, but the measurement accuracy deteriorates due to sensitivity to external disturbance fields

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveorientation measurement accuracyVSAvoidsensitivity to external disturbance fields
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the measurement parameter from direct magnetic field components (Bx, By, Bz) to magnetic field gradients (dBx/dx, dBy/dy, dBz/dx, dBz/dy). This parameter transformation fundamentally changes the measurement characteristics, making the system insensitive to external disturbance fields while maintaining the ability to accurately determine magnet orientation angles α and β.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a new measurement dimension by measuring magnetic field gradients instead of field components. The gradient measurements provide additional spatial information that enables calculation of orientation angles through specific mathematical relationships, creating a more robust measurement system that operates in gradient space rather than field component space.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Adaptability or versatility

If the magnet has two degrees of freedom, then the measurement capability is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement capabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a universal measurement system where four magnetic gradient sensors can measure two different orientation angles (α and β) simultaneously. The same sensor array and processing circuitry handle both degrees of freedom, making the system multi-functional without proportionally increasing complexity. The processing circuit calculates both angles from the same gradient measurements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If magnetic field gradients are measured to reduce disturbance sensitivity, then robustness is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverobustness against disturbance fieldsVSAvoidsensor configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the measurement function across four distinct sensor locations, with each sensor measuring gradients in specific directions. This segmentation allows the system to capture the necessary gradient information (dBx/dx, dBy/dy, dBz/dx, dBz/dy) through distributed measurements, improving robustness while organizing complexity into manageable modular sensor units.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables accurate determination of the orientation of a magnet with two degrees of freedom, significantly reducing sensitivity to external disturbance fields and improving measurement accuracy, making it suitable for applications like joysticks.

Implementation Method 1

a first magnetic field gradient (dBx/dx) of a first magnetic field component (Bx) oriented in a first direction (X) parallel to the semiconductor substrate along said first direction; and a second magnetic field gradient (dBy/dy) of a second magnetic field component (By) oriented in a second direction (Y) parallel to the semiconductor substrate and perpendicular to the first direction (X), along said second direction (Y)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field gradient detection: Magnetic Field

Data Source

PatentEP4105768B1Device and method for determining an orientation of a magnet, and a joystick
Publication Date: 2024.03.06 MELEXIS TECHNOLOGIES SA
  • EP4105768B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4105768B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4105768B1 patent drawingFigure 4(a)~4(d)

AI summary

A method of determining an orientation (α,β) of a magnet which is pivotable about a reference position (Pref) having a predefined position relative to a semiconductor substrate, comprising: a) determining a first magnetic field gradient (dBx/dx); b) determining a second magnetic field gradient (dBy/dy); c) determining a third magnetic field gradient (dBz/dx); d) determining a fourth magnetic field gradient (dBz/dy); e) determining a first angle (α) based on at least some of said magnetic field gradients; f) determining a second angle (β) based on at least some of said magnetic field gradients. A sensor device configured for performing this method. A sensor system comprising such sensor device and a magnet, optionally connected to a joystick.