Joystick Motion Control With Nitinol Braking for Simple Navigation

The patent extracts and eliminates the complex sensor array and multiple independent motors from the system. Instead, it uses a single motor with a specialized mechanical transmission system that inherently provides directional control through its geometry, removing the need for multiple sensors and motors while maintaining ease of operation

The single motor in the patent performs multiple functions that traditionally required separate components: it provides both propulsion and directional control through the mechanical transmission system. The differential mechanism serves multiple purposes including speed variation, direction control, and braking, consolidating functions that would otherwise require separate components

The patent utilizes the temperature-dependent properties of nitinol (shape memory alloy) to control braking. By changing the temperature parameter of the nitinol springs through electrical heating, the system achieves rapid braking response. The nitinol transitions between austenite and martensite phases based on temperature, providing fast actuation without complex mechanical mechanisms

The patent replaces traditional mechanical braking systems with an electro-thermal actuation system using nitinol springs. Instead of using mechanical linkages and actuators to apply braking force, the system uses electrical heating to change the physical state of nitinol, which then mechanically applies the brake through its shape memory effect, simplifying the overall system structure