Jump-Start Circuit With Reverse Polarity Protection Without MCU

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing jump-start control systems for vehicles require complex detecting modules and MCUs, leading to high hardware costs and poor protection performance.

Innovation Solution

A vehicle emergency start device with a switch module, reverse connection protection module, emergency start switch, and output module, which uses a relay, photocoupler, and operational amplifiers to achieve fault detection and circuit control without MCU signal processing, incorporating over current, undervoltage, and reverse charge protection modules for reduced hardware costs and improved protection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If complex detecting modules and MCU are used for fault detection and circuit control, then detection accuracy and control precision are improved, but hardware cost increases and device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefault detection accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the MCU and complex detecting modules from the system, replacing them with a simplified circuit implementation. The fault detection and circuit control functions are implemented directly through hardware circuits (comparators, transistors, relays) rather than through software processing on a microcontroller, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining detection accuracy.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the electronic control system (MCU-based) with a direct electrical circuit control system. The control logic is implemented through electrical components such as transistors, relays, and comparators that directly respond to fault conditions without requiring software processing, thus simplifying the system architecture.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If complex detecting modules and MCU are used for fault detection and circuit control, then detection accuracy and control precision are improved, but hardware cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefault detection accuracyVSAvoidhardware cost

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes expensive components (MCU, complex detecting modules) and replaces them with inexpensive discrete electronic components. The bill of materials is significantly reduced by eliminating the need for a microcontroller unit and associated complex detection hardware, thereby lowering manufacturing costs while preserving essential detection functionality.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs inexpensive, simple electronic components (transistors, relays, comparators) that can be easily replaced if needed, rather than using expensive integrated circuits like MCUs. This approach reduces hardware cost while maintaining the necessary detection and control functions through straightforward circuit design.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Reliability

If reverse connection protection module is added, then protection performance is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveprotection performanceVSAvoidcircuit complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the reverse connection protection function with the existing circuit control logic. The same transistor and relay components used for general circuit control are also employed for reverse connection protection, eliminating the need for separate dedicated protection components. The protection functionality is integrated into the existing control path, reducing overall circuit complexity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The circuit components (transistors, relays, comparators) are designed to perform multiple functions: general circuit control, fault detection, and reverse connection protection. This multi-functionality reduces the total number of components needed and simplifies the overall circuit architecture while improving protection performance.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device reduces hardware costs and enhances protection performance by eliminating the need for MCUs while providing effective fault detection and circuit control, including reverse connection, over current, undervoltage, and reverse charge protection.

Implementation Method 1

the switch module includes a relay

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

the reverse connection protection module includes a photocoupler

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPhotoelectric effect: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentUS20260024990A1Vehicle emergency start device and wire clip device

Publication Date: 2026.01.22 SHENZHEN KALAIFU TECHNOLOGY CO LTD

AI summary

A vehicle emergency start device includes a switch module, a reverse connection protection module, an emergency start switch and an output module. The switch module is respectively connected to the emergency start power supply of the vehicle and the output module, and the reverse connection protection module is used for reverse connection detection and/or load detection; and the emergency start switch is connected to the switch module.