Karst Cave Tunnel Excavation Simulation System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for studying surrounding rock crack evolution and water inrush disasters in tunnel excavations of near-covered karst caves face limitations, including complex geological conditions, high costs, and difficulties in simulating real-time excavation processes, leading to inaccurate predictions and increased risks during tunnel construction.
Innovation Solution
An experimental system comprising a base, upper crossbeam, standing columns, experimental cabin, guide rails, tunnel excavation device, and experimental control system, which allows for step-by-step tunnel excavation simulation, real-time image capture, and controlled loading and water pressure application, using 3D printed karst cave molds and servo systems to replicate actual conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If manual excavation of physical model is used, then the model can be constructed, but step-by-step excavation of tunnel cannot be realized and broken rock masses fall down to hinder smooth excavation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical excavation with a hydraulic telescopic cylinder that automatically pushes the tunnel mold to advance step-by-step. This mechanical substitution eliminates the problem of broken rock falling and hinders smooth excavation, while enabling precise control of the excavation process through hydraulic actuation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a dynamic excavation system where the tunnel mold can be pushed forward in controlled steps using the hydraulic telescopic cylinder. This dynamic mechanism allows the model to simulate real tunnel excavation processes, contrasting with static manual excavation methods.
2Measurement precision
If real-time camera system is set outside the tunnel, then the system can be installed, but capacity for capturing effective information is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent places the camera inside the tunnel mold, nesting the detection device within the excavation structure itself. This allows the camera to capture real-time images from within the tunnel during excavation, significantly improving information capture capability compared to external camera systems.
3Manufacturing precision
If shape of karst cave is simplified in physical model, then the model can be constructed easily, but the shape is quite different from that in practice
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses 3D printing technology to manufacture the karst cave mold with complex, accurate geometries that match actual karst cave shapes. This advanced manufacturing approach enables high manufacturing precision for the cave shape while maintaining ease of construction through additive manufacturing processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by using 3D printing to create region-specific complex geometries of the karst cave where needed, while maintaining overall model simplicity. This allows accurate representation of the karst cave shape in critical areas without compromising the ease of constructing the entire physical model.
4Ease of operation
If experimental cabin is manually assembled, then the cabin can be constructed, but laying and disassembly is inconvenient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the experimental cabin into modular components including the reaction frame, experimental cabin, and guide rails that can be easily assembled and disassembled. This segmentation enables convenient laying and disassembly of the cabin while maintaining structural integrity through standardized connection interfaces.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the technical field of disaster model experiment of underground engineering, and more particularly to an experimental system for surrounding rock crack evolution and water inrush disaster change in a tunnel excavation of a near-covered karst cave. The experimental system includes a base, an upper crossbeam, standing columns, an experimental cabin, guide rails, a tunnel excavation device and an experimental control system. By setting a tunnel excavation device instead of the traditional manual excavation experimental system, the step-by-step excavation of the tunnel is realized. A camera inside the tunnel mold collects real-time images of the whole process of tunnel excavation. The front side plate is separated from the whole experimental cabin, such that the deformation and damage of the front side of the physical model can be directly observed.