KASP SNP Markers for Early Peach Chilling Requirement Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for identifying the chilling requirement (CR) of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch are inefficient and require years of observation, leading to low breeding efficiency, and there is a lack of stable molecular markers for predicting CR across varying genetic and environmental conditions.
Innovation Solution
Development of KASP molecular marker primer combinations, specifically Chr06:26042043 and Chr01:46470090, with fluorescent tags, to quickly and accurately identify CR levels in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch by distinguishing between different genotypes based on SNP loci on chromosomes 6 and 1.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional observation methods are used to identify CR levels, then the identification is based on actual growth performance, but the process requires many years of observation and has low breeding efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by developing KASP molecular markers that can predict CR levels at the seedling stage, allowing breeders to identify desired CR characteristics before the trees undergo actual growth and flowering. This enables early selection of breeding candidates without waiting for multi-year field observations, thus resolving the contradiction between identification accuracy and breeding time.
2Productivity
If existing molecular markers are used for CR prediction, then the detection speed is improved, but the markers lack stability across varying genetic and environmental conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing multiple aspects of the KASP marker system including primer sequences, fluorescent labels (FAM and VIC), and PCR reaction conditions. These parameter optimizations ensure the markers maintain high detection speed while achieving stable and reliable CR level prediction across different genetic backgrounds and environmental conditions, resolving the contradiction between productivity and reliability.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If high CR varieties are cultivated, then late flowering and leaf development can avoid late spring coldness, but the planting region is constantly reduced due to insufficient cold accumulation in warming climates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables preliminary identification of peach varieties with appropriate CR levels through KASP molecular markers, allowing breeders and growers to select varieties pre-adapted to specific climate conditions. This resolves the contradiction by providing scientific basis for selecting varieties that balance late spring coldness avoidance with adaptability to warming climates, rather than being forced to choose one extreme over the other.
4Productivity
If molecular marker-assisted selection is implemented, then breeding efficiency is improved, but the development of stable and effective markers for complex traits like CR remains challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses KASP molecular markers as intermediaries that connect genetic information to phenotypic expression of CR levels. These markers serve as reliable mediators that simplify the complex relationship between multiple genes and environmental factors influencing CR, enabling efficient marker-assisted selection without requiring complex genomic analysis, thus resolving the contradiction between breeding efficiency and marker development complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid, high-throughput detection of CR levels in peach varieties, reducing time and labor costs, and improving breeding efficiency by allowing early prediction of CR, thus facilitating selective breeding for target CR levels.
Implementation Method 1
Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) molecular marker primer combination
Implementation Method 2
with fluorescent tags, to quickly and accurately identify CR levels
Data Source
AI summary
A Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) molecular marker primer combination related to a chilling requirement (CR) of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch and a use of the KASP molecular marker primer combination are provided. Based on a single-base difference between a base at a position 26,042,043 of chromosome 6 and a base at a position 46,470,090 of chromosome 1 for Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, a KASP molecular marker Chr06:26042043 primer combination and a KASP molecular marker Chr01:46470090 primer combination are designed. These two molecular marker primer combinations can be used to quickly and accurately identify a genotype of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, such that a CR level of the Prunus persica (L.) Batsch can be preliminarily determined at a seedling stage. These two molecular marker primer combinations exhibit a high specificity and predictive ability in the detection of a CR of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.