3′-Ketoglycoside Composition for Controlled Insect Repellent Release
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current insect repellents are volatile and provide short-lasting protection, requiring frequent applications and can be harmful due to high concentrations, while natural alternatives are too volatile for effective long-term use.
Innovation Solution
A 3′-ketoglycoside compound that forms a stable bond with alcohols, allowing for controlled release of insect repellents, maintaining effective concentration for at least 24 hours on human skin.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If natural insect repellents are used, then insect repellent effect is provided, but volatility causes short duration of action
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a glycoside conjugate as an intermediary carrier that binds to the volatile alcohol repellent (such as PMD). This conjugate acts as a mediator that temporarily holds the repellent molecule and controls its release rate, preventing immediate evaporation while maintaining the repellent's biological activity. The sugar moiety serves as the intermediary structure that modulates the volatility of the active ingredient.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the repellent molecule by converting it from a free volatile alcohol to a glycoside conjugate. This chemical modification alters the molecular weight, polarity, and volatility parameters of the active ingredient, transforming it from a rapidly evaporating substance to a controlled-release formulation that maintains effective concentrations for extended periods.
2Duration of action of moving object
If increased concentration of active ingredient is applied, then duration of protection is extended, but toxicity and irritancy increase
Solution Approach 1:
The glycoside conjugate serves as a protective intermediary that delivers the active repellent ingredient in a controlled manner. Instead of applying high concentrations of free alcohol that cause irritation and toxicity, the conjugate system acts as a benign carrier that releases the active ingredient gradually at lower overall concentrations, reducing harmful effects while maintaining efficacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the concentration parameter strategy by using a high molecular weight conjugate that provides prolonged release from lower total concentrations. Rather than increasing the concentration of free volatile alcohol to extend duration (which increases toxicity), the formulation uses a conjugate structure that extends duration through controlled kinetics, allowing lower effective concentrations to achieve the same protective duration.
3Duration of action of moving object
If synthetic insect repellents are used, then duration of protection is extended, but harmful effects on health and environment increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite molecular structure combining a natural sugar moiety (from carbohydrates) with a natural alcohol repellent (such as PMD from citrus or pine). This composite glycoside conjugate maintains the natural origin and biocompatibility of both components while achieving the prolonged duration typically associated with synthetic repellents. The composite structure is metabolizable and environmentally friendly unlike persistent synthetic chemicals.
4Reliability
If frequent reapplication is required, then effective concentration is maintained, but loss of time and convenience decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The glycoside conjugate system provides continuous release of the active repellent ingredient over an extended period (24 hours or more). Instead of requiring discontinuous reapplication to maintain effective concentration, the conjugate formulation sustains a steady release rate that maintains protective levels continuously, eliminating the need for frequent user intervention and ensuring uninterrupted protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The 3′-ketoglycoside compound provides sustained release of alcohols like geraniol and eugenol, offering prolonged insect repellent effect without the need for frequent reapplication and reducing health risks associated with high concentrations.
Implementation Method 1
alkyl and aryl O-glycopyranosides and glucuronides can be broken down on the skin to deliver volatile alcohol fragrance ingredients
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a 3′-ketoglycoside compound defined by formula (I) and its use for controlled release of alcohols, in particular alcohols showing an insect repellent effect. It relates also to a process for preparing the 3′-ketoglycoside compound of formula (I). It further relates to a composition comprising a 3′-ketoglycoside compound of formula (I). It relates also to the use of a 3′-ketoglycoside compound of formula (I) for the controlled release of alcohols. It related also to a method of use of such composition.