γ-Ketovaleric Acid Catalyst for Hydrotreatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional hydrotreatment catalysts face challenges in efficiently reducing sulfur and nitrogen content in diesel fuels and gasolines to meet stringent pollution standards, particularly with heavy crude oils and complex feedstocks, requiring improved hydrodesulphurization and hydrodenitrogenation capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A catalyst comprising alumina or silica-alumina support, elements of group VIII and VIB, and γ-ketovaleric acid, which enhances catalytic performance by lowering operating temperatures and extending cycle times, while being easy to prepare and cost-effective.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional hydrotreatment catalysts are used, then the catalyst structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the catalytic activity is insufficient for refractory feedstocks requiring higher operating temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the catalyst by incorporating specific metal combinations (Co, Ni, Mo, W) in optimized ratios, along with promoters like phosphorus and sulfur. This changes the catalytic properties to achieve high activity at lower operating temperatures, directly resolving the contradiction between catalytic activity and operating temperature requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The catalyst employs a composite structure combining multiple metal elements (Group VIb and Group VIII metals) with support materials and promoters. This composite approach creates synergistic effects that enhance catalytic activity while maintaining stability at reduced temperatures, addressing the limitation of conventional single-phase catalysts
2Duration of action of stationary object
If conventional catalysts are used, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the catalyst stability and cycle time are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The catalyst undergoes preliminary sulfurization treatment during manufacturing to pre-form the active sulfided phases. This preliminary action ensures that the catalyst achieves optimal stability and longevity from the start of operation, extending cycle time while the complex composition is already optimized for durability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs relatively inexpensive metal combinations and promoters that can be readily replaced after extended service life. The optimized composition allows the catalyst to serve through multiple regeneration cycles, making the complexity worthwhile by significantly extending operational duration between replacements
3Reliability
If conventional catalysts are used, then the preparation process is straightforward, but the hydrodesulphurization and hydrodenitrogenation capabilities are insufficient for meeting stringent emission standards
Solution Approach 1:
The catalyst design segments different functional responsibilities to specific metal components: Group VIb metals (Mo, W) handle hydrodesulphurization, Group VIII metals (Co, Ni) handle hydrodenitrogenation, and promoters enhance specific activities. This functional segmentation enables simultaneous optimization of multiple reactions, achieving stringent emission standards through a coordinated multi-element system
Solution Approach 2:
The catalyst composition is designed with multi-functionality, where the metal combination and promoters work together to perform multiple functions: hydrodesulphurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydrogenation. This universal approach allows a single catalyst to meet diverse emission requirements across different feedstock types and product specifications
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst demonstrates increased activity and stability, allowing for reduced sulfur and nitrogen content in fuels, meeting stringent emission standards with improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Implementation Method 1
A catalyst based on γ-ketovaleric acid and its use in a hydrotreatment and/or hydrocracking process
Implementation Method 2
conventionally comprises an oxide support and an active phase based on metals of groups VIB and VIII in their oxide forms, as well as phosphorus
Implementation Method 3
aim of removing the sulphur-containing or nitrogen-containing compounds contained therein
Implementation Method 4
Preparation of these catalysts generally comprises a step of impregnation of the metals and of the phosphorus on the support
Implementation Method 5
followed by drying and calcination making it possible to obtain the active phase in their oxide forms
Implementation Method 6
Before they are used in a hydrotreatment and/or hydrocracking reaction, these catalysts are generally subjected to sulphurization in order to form the active species
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a catalyst comprising a support based on alumina or silica or silica-alumina, at least one element of group VIII, at least one element of group VIB and γ-ketovaleric acid. The invention also relates to the process for the preparation of said catalyst and the use thereof in a hydrotreatment and/or hydrocracking process.