Imroved fan for smoke and vapour extraction system, in particular for kitchens and extraction system incorporating such a fan

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing smoke and vapour extraction fans face challenges in achieving high fluid dynamic efficiency, leading to low energy efficiency, increased noise, and complex manufacturing costs due to geometrical complexities and inefficiencies in the impeller and diffuser design, as well as adverse effects on motor cooling and air flow.

Innovation Solution

A fan design with a diffuser and impeller featuring radially arranged blades at variable distances, an increasing cross-sectional area, and a compact structure to reduce noise and enhance fluid dynamic efficiency, allowing for improved volumetric throughput and energy efficiency without the need for complex moulds or increased motor power.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If fluid dynamic optimisation of the diffuser and impeller is performed to increase efficiency, then the energy efficiency class improves, but the manufacturing costs increase due to very complex moulds with high number of undercuts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy efficiency classVSAvoidmanufacturing costs
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the geometric parameters of the impeller blades and diffuser geometry to achieve high fluid dynamic efficiency. Specifically, the impeller blades have optimized curvature radii, thickness distributions, and angular positions that maximize energy transfer while maintaining manufacturable geometries that avoid excessive mould complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs asymmetry in the impeller blade design where the suction side and pressure side have different curvature characteristics. The blades feature asymmetric thickness distributions and varying camber angles along their span, which optimizes the fluid dynamic performance while the asymmetry is controlled to remain manufacturable

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

2Productivity

If impellers with particular shape are produced to increase efficiency, then fluid dynamic performance improves, but dissipative energy phenomena occur in the form of turbulent vortices that reduce volumetric throughput and increase electrical energy consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevolumetric throughputVSAvoiddissipative energy phenomena
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by designing impeller blades with varying geometry along their span - the blade thickness, curvature radius, and angle of attack change continuously from root to tip. This dynamic geometric variation optimizes the flow attachment along the blade surface, reducing flow separation and turbulent vortex formation that would otherwise cause energy losses

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes curvature principles by designing impeller blades with optimized spherical and cylindrical curvature radii on both the suction and pressure sides. The blades feature smooth continuous curvature transitions that eliminate sharp edges and corners, thereby reducing flow separation and minimizing dissipative turbulent vortices in the diffuser

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

3Volume of moving object

If the distance between fat-trap filters and the extraction cross-section of the fan is reduced, then the hood structure is compact, but the overall efficiency of the extraction hood is adversely affected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehood sizeVSAvoidoverall efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dimensionality change by arranging the impeller blades in a three-dimensional configuration with varying radial, tangential, and axial positions. The blades are distributed at different angular positions and have varying lengths from the rotation axis, creating a multi-dimensional flow pattern that efficiently extracts smoke and vapours while maintaining a compact hood structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The fan achieves higher energy efficiency, reduced noise, and lower production costs by optimizing air flow and minimizing head losses, resulting in a more efficient and cost-effective extraction system with a smaller, quieter design.

Implementation Method 1

the aims of fluid dynamic optimisation are those of: i) for the same motor, achieving a rise to the next higher efficiency class; and ii) for the same energy efficiency class, using a less powerful motor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid dynamic efficiency optimization:

Implementation Method 2

an impeller (3) having a body (20) with a plurality of radially arranged blades (33)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal force: Centrifugal Force

Implementation Method 3

a diffuser (2) with an increasing cross-sectional area in a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis of the motor (24) or its output shaft (31)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 4

the structure of the hood and/or the fan may have an adverse effect on cooling of the impeller's electric motor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal convection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3228875B1Imroved fan for smoke and vapour extraction system, in particular for kitchens and extraction system incorporating such a fan
Publication Date: 2023.03.29 FABER SPA
  • EP3228875B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3228875B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3228875B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A fan (1) for a smoke and/or vapour extraction system comprises a impeller (3) located within a diffuser or volute (2), the impeller (3) being driven by an electric motor (24); the impeller (3) having a body (20) having a flat part (21) from which rises a plurality of radially arranged blades (33); these blades are separated from each other by a variable distance based on a periodic function. In addition to this the diffuser (2) has an air delivery or discharge conduit (5) having a cross-section increasing from an inlet to its outlet (6).