Klystron Output Cavity Layout for Uniform Electric Field Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
The stability and efficiency of klystrons are compromised due to non-uniform electric field distributions in the output cavity, particularly near the coupling port, which affects the electron beam stability and microwave device performance.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating an additional cavity on the side wall of the output cavity, connected to the output cavity and extending away from its central axis, which adjusts the electric field distribution by shifting the maximum field intensity back to the central region, thereby counteracting the influence of the coupling port and achieving a more uniform electric field.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a coupling port is provided on the side wall of the output cavity for waveguide connection, then the klystron can transmit microwave signals, but the electric field distribution becomes non-uniform with higher characteristic impedance at the gap near the coupling port
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an additional cavity on the side wall of the output cavity that is asymmetric in shape (elongated along the radial direction). This asymmetric structure is specifically designed to counterbalance the electric field distortion caused by the coupling port, creating a more uniform overall electric field distribution while maintaining the necessary microwave transmission function.
Solution Approach 2:
The additional cavity is strategically positioned and dimensioned to provide localized electric field adjustment only in the regions affected by the coupling port. The cavity's elongated shape along the radial direction allows it to specifically address the high characteristic impedance region near the coupling port without interfering with other functional areas of the output cavity.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the electric field intensity is concentrated near the coupling port, then coupling efficiency may be improved, but the electron beam stability deteriorates due to non-uniform field distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The additional cavity acts as an electric field counterweight, positioned to oppose and balance the concentrated field effect of the coupling port. By extending the additional cavity along the radial direction, it creates a compensating electric field distribution that shifts the maximum field intensity back toward the central region, thereby stabilizing the electron beam while preserving coupling efficiency.
3Ease of manufacture
If the output cavity structure is simplified for manufacturing, then production cost decreases, but the ability to achieve uniform electric field distribution is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the output cavity structure by adding a separate additional cavity component. This additional cavity can be manufactured independently as a simple elongated structure and then integrated with the main output cavity. The segmentation allows each component to be optimized for manufacturing while the combined structure achieves the desired uniform electric field distribution.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the stability and modulation performance of the klystron by ensuring a uniform electric field distribution, improving the efficiency and stability of the electron beam and the overall microwave device operation.
Implementation Method 1
an electric field (referred to as an electric field of the output cavity) in a gap of a drift tube near a coupling port is stronger than other regions of the output cavity, resulting in a higher characteristic impedance at the gap
Implementation Method 2
A klystron is a type of microwave electron tube that utilizes the periodic modulation of electron beam velocity to achieve oscillation or amplification
Data Source
AI summary
A klystron is provided. The klystron comprises an output cavity, an output waveguide, and a coupling port, the output waveguide is connected to a side wall of the output cavity through the coupling port, an additional cavity is provided on the side wall of the output cavity, the additional cavity is connected with the output cavity and extends from a position connected to the output cavity in a direction away from a central axis of the output cavity.