Knife Beam Elements Reduce Stiffness Zones Fatigue Life

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Solution Overview

Problem

Rotary press knives used in cutting webs face significant fatigue due to frequent loading and unloading, leading to premature failure, especially when cutting three-dimensional shapes, and existing solutions like mounting the knife at an angle compromise cutting efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A knife design featuring beam elements connected to a cutting edge with reduced stiffness zones oriented between 20 to 80 degrees off the cutting edge, allowing for increased flexibility and deformation without exceeding the material's yield strength, thereby reducing fatigue and maintaining cutting efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the knife is mounted at an angle relative to the anvil to accommodate interference through bending, then fatigue life is improved, but cutting efficiency decreases and variable speed operation is required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefatigue lifeVSAvoidcutting efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The knife incorporates beam elements with varying cross-sectional properties along its length, creating local variations in stiffness and strength. The beam elements have greater moment of inertia near the mounting region and reduced moment of inertia toward the cutting edge, allowing the knife to accommodate interference through controlled local deformation while maintaining cutting efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The knife design changes the physical parameters of the blade by incorporating beam elements with specific dimensional characteristics (width, thickness, moment of inertia) that optimize both fatigue resistance and cutting performance. The beam elements have controlled dimensions that allow deformation accommodation without requiring angular mounting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If the knife accommodates most of the interference deformation, then cutting completeness is improved, but fatigue failure occurs due to repeated loading and unloading

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting completenessVSAvoidfatigue resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The knife is segmented into multiple beam elements connected by reduced stiffness zones. This segmentation allows the knife to accommodate deformation through controlled flexing of individual beam elements while the reduced stiffness zones act as hinges that facilitate smooth deformation without stress concentration at connection points.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The reduced stiffness zones are strategically positioned to act as cushioning elements that absorb and distribute deformation stresses before they reach the mounting region. This beforehand cushioning prevents stress accumulation that would lead to fatigue failure while ensuring complete web cutting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Manufacturing precision

If the rotary press and anvil are set close together to provide interference, then complete cutting is achieved, but the knife experiences excessive deformation loads

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting completenessVSAvoidknife load capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The beam elements have locally optimized cross-sectional properties with greater moment of inertia near the mounting region to withstand high loads, and reduced moment of inertia toward the cutting edge to facilitate deformation. This local quality variation allows the knife to handle excessive deformation loads while maintaining cutting effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Manufacturing precision

If the knife is designed with high stiffness to maintain cutting precision, then cutting accuracy is improved, but fatigue life decreases due to inability to accommodate deformation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting accuracyVSAvoidfatigue life
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The knife transitions from a static rigid structure to a dynamic flexible structure with beam elements that can adapt their deformation characteristics based on operating conditions. The reduced stiffness zones enable controlled flexibility that allows the knife to accommodate deformation loads while maintaining cutting accuracy through proper beam element design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The knife design significantly extends the fatigue life of the cutting tool, enabling millions of cuts without shutdowns and maintaining cutting efficiency for complex shapes, reducing stress concentrations and accommodating deformation effectively.

Implementation Method 1

each of said beam elements having a beam element extent oriented from about 20 degrees to about 80 degrees off of said cutting edge, each said beam element separated from adjacent beam elements by a reduced stiffness zone

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

wherein said knife is mounted to said rotary press with said cutting edge oriented in said cross direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStress distribution: Deformation

Data Source

PatentEP3551399B1Knife having beam elements
Publication Date: 2023.04.26 PROCTER & GAMBLE CO
  • EP3551399B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3551399B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3551399B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A knife (50) including a cutting edge (60), a fixed edge (70), and a plurality of beam elements (80) connecting the cutting edge (60) to the fixed edge (70), each of the beam elements (80) having a beam element extent (100) oriented between about 20 degrees and about 80 degrees off of the cutting edge (60), each beam element (80) separated from adjacent beam elements (80) by a reduced stiffness zone (90), each reduced stiffness zone (90) having a reduced stiffness zone extent (130) oriented from about 20 degrees to about 80 degrees off of the cutting edge (60). The knife (50) can be employed in a process and an apparatus for cutting a web (10).