Combine Header Knife Drive Vibration Sensing for Damage Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems for monitoring the condition of combine harvester knives are not sensitive enough to detect damage effectively and require difficult and costly replacements, often necessitating frequent interruptions for inspection.

Innovation Solution

The use of vibration sensors, such as accelerometers or strain gauges, mounted on the knife drive train to measure vibrations during the reciprocating motion of the knives, allowing for real-time monitoring and classification of damage without interrupting the drive train, with a control unit processing signals to alert operators of potential knife damage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a force sensor is incorporated in the drive train to detect knife damage, then the sensitivity of measurements improves, but the ease of replacement deteriorates as it requires interrupting the drive train

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensitivity of measurementsVSAvoidease of replacement
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the force sensor (mechanical contact-based measurement) with an accelerometer (inertial measurement). The accelerometer measures vibrations and accelerations of the knife drive train, which correlate with knife condition, without requiring mechanical integration into the drive train. This substitution maintains measurement sensitivity while dramatically improving ease of replacement, as accelerometers can be mounted externally on the header without interrupting the drive train.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If regular visual inspection is performed to monitor knife condition, then the reliability of crop yield monitoring improves, but the productivity deteriorates due to frequent interruptions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveknife condition monitoringVSAvoidharvesting efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system enables the knife monitoring function to serve itself through continuous automated vibration measurement and analysis. The accelerometer continuously captures vibration signals from the knife drive train, and the control unit automatically analyzes these signals to detect knife damage. This self-monitoring capability eliminates the need for manual visual inspections, maintaining reliable knife condition monitoring while preventing harvesting interruptions, thus preserving productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The vibration monitoring system operates continuously throughout the harvesting process without interruption. The accelerometer continuously measures vibrations, and the control unit continuously analyzes the signals to detect knife damage in real-time. This continuous monitoring ensures reliable knife condition assessment while allowing the harvesting operation to proceed without the interruptions required by periodic visual inspections, thereby maintaining high productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Ease of repair

If standard vibration sensors are mounted on exterior surfaces of the drive train, then the ease of replacement and versatility improve, but the measurement precision may deteriorate compared to incorporated sensors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor replacementVSAvoidvibration measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the measurement function from the drive train interior to the exterior surface. The accelerometer is mounted on the external surface of the header or knife drive train housing rather than being incorporated inside the drive train. This extraction allows easy replacement and versatile placement while the control unit compensates for external mounting characteristics through appropriate signal processing and analysis algorithms, maintaining measurement precision despite the external location.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides reliable and efficient monitoring of knife condition, enabling timely replacement and reducing unnecessary interruptions, with the added benefit of easier sensor replacement and versatility in placement along the header drive train.

Implementation Method 1

the sensors are configured to measure the vibration in the direction of said reciprocating movement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVibration: Vibration

Implementation Method 2

The sensors may include accelerometers or strain gauges. A type of accelerometer that is applicable in the invention is a knock sensor.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcceleration: Accelerometer

Data Source

PatentEP4268566A1A system and method for monitoring the condition of the cutting knives of a combine header
Publication Date: 2023.11.01 CNH IND BELGIUM NV
  • EP4268566A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4268566A1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4268566A1 patent drawingFigure 4a~4d

AI summary

A header (1) according to the invention comprises one or more vibration sensors (30,31) mounted on a knife drive train of the header, i.e. on an assembly of movable parts including a rotatable header drive shaft (23), a mechanical knife drive (21), a transmission (24,25) for transferring the rotation of the drive shaft to the knife drive and a support member (20) with a set of knives (2) attached thereto, the member being coupled to the knife drive so as to undergo a reciprocating movement. According to preferred embodiments, the one or more sensors are mounted on the support member (20) and/or on the housing of the knife drive (21). The sensors are configured to measure the vibration in the direction of said reciprocating movement. The sensors may include accelerometers or strain gauges. The method of the invention comprises the steps of acquiring a vibration signal from one of the sensors, deriving one or more features from the signal, comparing the one or more features to one or more thresholds, deriving from said comparison information on the condition of the knives, and communicating said information regarding the condition of the knives to an operator.