Knocking Presence Evaluation Circuit for Internal Combustion Engine
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing knocking presence evaluation methods in internal combustion engines are inefficient due to indirect measurement via vibrational sensors, which can be contaminated by non-knocking vibrations, and require multiple sensors for different engine types, leading to laborious and less effective analysis.
Innovation Solution
A knocking presence evaluation circuit using a pressure sensor to process pressure signals in real-time, amplifying and filtering them with soft-computing algorithms to generate a knocking intensity index for precise control, eliminating the need for vibrational sensors and enabling direct measurement of knocking phenomena.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If vibrational sensors are used to detect knocking presence, then the measurement can be performed indirectly through engine block vibrations, but the signal can be contaminated by non-knocking vibrations and requires different sensors for different engine types
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical vibrational sensors with a pressure sensor that directly measures pressure signals in the combustion chamber. This substitution eliminates the contamination from mechanical vibrations and provides direct measurement of knocking phenomena through pressure oscillations, improving measurement precision while maintaining versatility across engine types through software-based analysis
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a signal processing unit as an intermediary between the pressure sensor and the control system. This intermediary performs spectral analysis and pattern recognition to distinguish knocking signals from normal combustion variations, thereby improving measurement precision without requiring different sensors for different engine types
2Measurement precision
If pressure sensors are used for direct knocking detection, then the measurement is direct and not contaminated by mechanical vibrations, but the signal analysis is laborious and less efficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by pre-programming the signal processing unit with knocking detection algorithms and thresholds. The system pre-processes the pressure signal through spectral analysis and compares it against predetermined knocking patterns, enabling rapid and efficient detection without laborious manual analysis while maintaining high precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the signal processing unit continuously monitors pressure signals, compares them against knocking patterns, and provides real-time feedback to the control system. This automated feedback loop enables efficient and accurate knocking detection, eliminating the need for manual signal analysis while maintaining high measurement precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides a simple and efficient method for detecting knocking presence, allowing for real-time control and reducing the risk of engine damage by accurately measuring knocking intensity without relying on vibrational sensors, thus improving engine operation and longevity.
Implementation Method 1
at least a pressure sensor facing a combustion chamber for each cylinder comprised in the engine itself and suitable to detect a pressure signal
Data Source
AI summary
A knocking presence evaluation circuit in an internal combustion engine having a pressure sensor facing a combustion chamber for each cylinder in the engine and suitable to produce a pressure signal, the circuit having an input terminal; a processing block connected by the input terminal to the pressure sensor and receiving the pressure signal, the processing block performing a processing of the pressure signal for isolating oscillations and generating a derived pressure signal; an acquisition block connected to the processing block and receiving the derived pressure signal and generating first and second measure signals, respectively corresponding to a number and a total duration of digital pulses, from the derived pressure signal; and a soft-computing block connected to the acquisition block and receiving the first and second measure signals and outputting a knocking intensity index, calculated by soft-computing techniques, starting from the first and second measure signals.