Knowledge-Graph Feature Engineering for Interpretable Models

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing feature selection methods for machine learning algorithms are challenging for non-experts, requiring manual effort and intuition, and lack automation for generating features that are both statistically important and interpretable by domain experts.

Innovation Solution

A scalable solution that automates feature engineering using a knowledge graph and reinforcement learning to derive interpretable and statistically-important features, balancing model performance and interpretability through a bi-objective optimization process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of information

If manual feature selection is performed by data scientists using intuition and domain knowledge, then feature interpretability is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to inordinate time and expense

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeature interpretabilityVSAvoidfeature engineering efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an automated feature engineering system that acts as an intermediary between raw data and machine learning models. This system uses a knowledge graph containing domain knowledge and rules to automatically generate interpretable features, eliminating the need for manual feature selection while preserving interpretability through structured domain knowledge representation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system enables self-service feature engineering by automatically generating features using a knowledge graph and rule-based transformations. The automated feature engineering component performs feature selection and transformation without human intervention, allowing the system to serve itself in the feature engineering process while maintaining interpretability through domain knowledge integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Productivity

If automated feature selection systems are used to increase productivity, then feature interpretability deteriorates because existing systems focus only on statistical importance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeature engineering automationVSAvoidfeature interpretability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite feature engineering system that combines multiple components: a knowledge graph containing domain knowledge, rule-based transformation systems, and automated feature generation. This composite approach integrates both statistical importance (through automated evaluation) and interpretability (through domain knowledge integration), producing features that satisfy both criteria simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The knowledge graph serves multiple functions: it stores domain knowledge, provides rules for feature transformation, ensures feature interpretability, and guides automated feature generation. This multi-functional component enables the system to achieve both automation and interpretability by universally applying domain knowledge across the feature engineering process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If the number of possible features is increased to improve model performance, then device complexity deteriorates due to the unlimited number of transformable features

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodel performanceVSAvoidfeature space complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by generating features with specific properties tailored to the domain and problem at hand. Instead of generating all possible features uniformly, the system uses domain-specific rules and knowledge graph constraints to generate only relevant features with appropriate transformations, reducing complexity while maintaining performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes parameters by dynamically adjusting feature transformations based on domain knowledge and performance feedback. The automated feature engineering component modifies feature parameters (transformations, combinations, selections) to optimize model performance without exhaustively exploring all possible feature spaces, thereby managing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4614391A1Feature engineering based on feature interpretability
Publication Date: 2025.09.10 SAP SE
  • EP4614391A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4614391A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4614391A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems and methods include generation of a first set of features based on a second set of features and a learning network, determination of an interpretability value for each of the first set of features, determination of a performance of a model trained using the first set of features, determination of a reward based on the performance and the interpretability values, and generation of a third set of features based on the first set of features, the learning network and the reward.