Knurled Winding Joints for Electric Machine Stator Brazing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electric machine stator designs face challenges in efficiently connecting multiple windings for effective electrical current flow and mechanical stability, particularly in forming strong joints between windings that maintain electrical conductivity and mechanical integrity.

Innovation Solution

The design features windings with knurled surfaces and grooves that form joints with braze material, where inner and outer groups of windings are brazed to braze clips, allowing for efficient electrical connection and mechanical stability through the use of knurled surfaces and grooves that facilitate braze alloy flow and strength.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If multiple windings are brazed together using braze alloy, then electrical connection between windings is achieved, but the strength and reliability of the joints may be insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical connection reliabilityVSAvoidjoint strength
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies knurling to create localized grooves at specific locations on the winding surfaces. These grooves concentrate the braze material flow and create localized strong bonding zones, transforming a uniform brazing process into one with enhanced local quality at the joint interfaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The knurled grooves are pre-formed on the winding surfaces before the brazing operation. This preliminary action prepares the surfaces to receive and retain braze material, ensuring that when brazing occurs, the material flows into the pre-configured grooves to create strong, reliable joints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If windings are connected with traditional brazing methods, then electrical conductivity is achieved, but mechanical stability and structural integrity are compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical conductivityVSAvoidmechanical stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The knurled grooves create a porous-like structure on the winding surfaces that captures and retains braze material. This porous structure increases the surface area for bonding and creates mechanical interlocking, thereby enhancing both electrical conductivity and mechanical stability simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The joint structure becomes a composite of the winding material and the braze material, with the knurled grooves creating a hybrid interface. This composite structure combines the electrical conductivity of the windings with the strength and stability of the braze alloy, achieving both electrical and mechanical performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Strength

If braze material is applied to flat winding surfaces, then joints are formed, but the strength and reliability of connections are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection strengthVSAvoidbraze joint formation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The knurling process introduces curved, three-dimensional grooves to the otherwise flat winding surfaces. This curvature creates channels that guide and contain the braze material, improving joint strength while the knurling process itself is a standard manufacturing operation that does not significantly increase manufacturing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

4Reliability

If traditional winding connections are used, then assembly is simple, but electrical connection strength and current flow efficiency are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical connection strengthVSAvoidwinding structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The winding surface is segmented into multiple grooves rather than remaining a continuous flat surface. This segmentation creates discrete channels for braze material flow, improving electrical connection strength at multiple localized points while maintaining a relatively simple overall winding structure that can be manufactured using standard techniques.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances the strength and reliability of electrical connections between windings, ensuring efficient current flow and mechanical stability, while minimizing weight by optimizing the braze joint formation and surface tension of the braze alloy.

Implementation Method 1

a braze material is flowed into a plurality of grooves disposed between the first exposed end and the second exposed end

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 2

optimizing the braze joint formation and surface tension of the braze alloy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface tension: Surface Tension

Data Source

PatentEP2424085B1Knurled multiple conductor windings
Publication Date: 2019.12.04 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP2424085B1 patent drawingFigure 1~4
  • EP2424085B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2424085B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

An example electric machine (10) includes a stator (12) disposed about an axis (14) having a plurality of slots (16). The electric machine also includes a plurality of windings (18) each having a first portion (32) and a second portion (34). At least two of the plurality of windings are at least partially disposed within each of the plurality of slots. At least one of the first portion or second portion of at least one of the plurality of windings of each slot includes a first exposed end (52) with a surface (122a-b) having a plurality of grooves (128), the surface in contact with a second exposed end of at least one other winding of the same slot. The first exposed end and second exposed end form a joint (160) between the plurality of windings. A braze material is dispersed in a plurality of grooves disposed between the first exposed end and the second exposed end.